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. 2020 Feb 25;21(4):e49076. doi: 10.15252/embr.201949076

Figure 1. RAP1 protects telomeres against DNA damage.

Figure 1

  1. Western blotting showing the expression of RAP1 and TRF2 in MRC‐5 cells of different population doublings (PD). Senescent cells (PD 72) were left in culture for at least 4 weeks before harvesting for analysis.
  2. ChIP analysis of young (PD 30) and senescent (PD 72) MRC‐5 cells performed with either anti‐RAP1, anti‐TRF2, or an IgG antibody. The immunoprecipitated and input products were loaded into a slot blot membrane and hybridized with a telomere probe, and stripped and hybridized to an Alu probe in order to determine unspecific binding. Quantification was performed by normalizing the telomere signal of the immunoprecipitated to that of the input. Data represent mean ± SD of three biological replicates.
  3. Immunofluorescence detection of 53BP1 (red) and a FISH probe staining telomeres (green) in young (PD 26), pre‐senescent (PD 66), and senescent (PD 72 + 4 weeks) MRC‐5 fibroblasts. The upper graph shows the percentage of telomere co‐localizing with 53BP1 (TIFs). Total DNA damage was measured by immunofluorescence detection of 53BP1. The lower graph shows the total number of 53BP1 foci per nucleus. Approximately 40–50 cells were analyzed per replicate and per condition. Bars represent SEM of two biological replicates.
Data information: Statistical analyses were performed using Mann–Whitney U‐test (*P < 0.05; **P < 0.001; ***P < 0.0001). Scale bar = 10 μm.Source data are available online for this figure.