Table 1b.

Results from univariable analyses (χ²-test) of candidate variables (categorical) for five multivariable logistic regression models with regards to their association with type of herd (high calf mortality (HM; n = 30) and low calf mortality (LM; n = 30)) in 60 Swedish dairy herds, in a study conducted between December 2005 and March 2006.

Name of model/Variable		High mortality	Low mortality	p-Value
Disease susceptibility
Colostrum from cows recently introduced to herd is used	Yes	15	22	0.063
	No	15	8
% of calf pens placed centrally in the stable	≥50%	12	18	0.12
	<50%	18	12
Factors affecting the gastrointestinal tract
Age when roughage is introduced	≤7 days	14	21	0.067
	>7 days	16	9
Type of concentrate used	Commercial (Pelletted calf feed)	16	23	0.058
	Other	14	7
Factors related to transmission of infectious disease
Age difference (oldest to youngest calf) in group pens	≤21 days	17	12	0.20
	>21 days	13	18
Purchase of ≥10 cows during the past year	Yes	16	8	0.035
	No	14	22
Hygiene
Use of maternity pen	For calving + diseased cows	15	22	0.063
	Only for calving	15	8
% calves with more than one feacal pathogen	≥20%	13	7	0.10
	<20%	17	23
% cows calving in the free stalls	≥10%	15	10	0.19
	<10%	15	20
% group maternity pens of all calving pens in the herd	≥45%	19	13	0.12
	<45%	11	17
Labour management
Proud to show calves to visitors	Yes	13	18	0.20
	No	17	12
Standard operating procedures for management routines exist	Yes	19	12	0.071
	No	11	18