7. Quality of evidence in included Cochrane systematic reviews ‐ pharmacological interventions.
| Review Title |
Sequence generation assessed (% studies low risk) |
Allocation concealment assessed (% studies low risk) |
Blinding of participants, personnel and outcome assessors assessed (% studies low risk) |
Incomplete outcome data assessed (% studies low risk) |
Selective outcome reporting assessed (% studies low risk) |
Other potential threats to validity assessed (% studies low risk) |
| Inhaled analgesia (26 studies) (Klomp 2012) | 7 studies (27%) | 3 studies (12%) | Participants/Personnel – 3 studies (12%) Outcome assessors – 3 studies (12%) |
13 studies (50%) | 16 studies (62%) | 6 studies (23%) |
| Parenteral opioids for maternal pain management in labour (57 studies) (Ullman 2010) | 13 studies (23%) | 17 studies (30%) | Participants – 22 studies (39%) Personnel – 22 studies (39%) Outcome assessors – 17 studies (30%) |
21 studies (37%) | 1 study (2%) | 11 studies (19%) |
| Non‐opioid drugs (18 studies) (Othman 2012) | 6 studies (33%) | 5 studies (28%) | Participants/Personnel – 14 studies (78%) Outcome assessors – 3 studies (17%) |
16 studies (89%) | 12 studies (67%) | 13 studies (72%) |
| Local anaesthetic nerve blocks (12 studies) (Novikova 2012) | 2 studies (17%) | 0 studies (0%) | Participants/Personnel – 4 studies (34%) Outcome assessors – 4 studies (34%) |
6 studies (50%) | 5 studies (42%) | 9 studies (75%) |
| Epidural (38 studies) (Anim‐Somuah 2011) | 18 studies (47%) | 16 studies (42%) | Participants – 4 studies (11%) Personnel – 4 studies (11%) Outcome assessors – 1 study (3%) |
19 studies (50%) | 14 studies (37%) | 18 studies (47%) |
| Combined spinal epidural (27 studies) (Simmons 2012) | 11 studies (41%) | 14 studies (52%) | 15 studies (56%) | 25 studies (93%) | 23 studies (85%) | 3 studies (11%) N.B. 20 studies not assessed (74%) |