Table 3.

Association between fruit and vegetable intake and new cases of type 2 diabetes (T2D) among men and women based on logistic regression (n 35 307)

(Odds ratios and 95 % confidence intervals)

	T2D new cases
	Model 1‡		Model 2§		Model 3||		Model 4¶		Model 5‡‡
	OR	95 % CI	OR	95 % CI	OR	95 % CI	OR	95 % CI	OR	95 % CI
Men (n 14 718)
Vegetable intake
≥2 servings/d (ref.)	1·00		1·00		1·00		1·00		1·00
<2 servings/d	2·08**	1·29, 3·36	1·89**	1·17, 3·05	1·78*	1·10, 2·89	1·68*	1·04, 2·74	1·62†	1·00, 2·61
Fruit intake
≥2 servings/d (ref.)	1·00	0·74, 1·70	1·00	0·68, 1·56	1·00	0·74, 1·69	1·00	0·70, 1·61	1·00	0·69, 1·59
<2 servings/d	1·13		1·03		1·12		1·06		1·04
F&V intake
≥4 servings/d (ref.)	1·00	0·77, 2·40	1·00	0·69, 2·17	1·00	0·72, 2·26	1·00	0·68, 2·14	1·00	0·66, 2·08
<4 servings/d	1·36		1·22		1·28		1·20		1·17
Women (n 20 589)
Vegetable intake
≥2 servings/d (ref.)	1·00	1·10, 2·24	1·00	1·00, 2·06	1·00	0·83, 1·72	1·00	0·83, 1·72	1·00	0·82, 1·71
<2 servings/d	1·57*		1·44†		1·19		1·19		1·18
Fruit intake
≥2 servings/d (ref.)	1·00	0·71, 1·36	1·00	0·66, 1·28	1·00	0·67, 1·28	1·00	0·66, 1·27	1·00	0·65, 1·26
<2 servings/d	0·98		0·92		0·92		0·91		0·90
F&V intake
≥4 servings/d (ref.)	1·00	0·87, 1·86	1·00	0·79, 1·70	1·00	0·75, 1·60	1·00	0·73, 1·58	1·00	0·73, 1·58
<4 servings/d	1·27		1·26		1·09		1·08		1·07

ref., Reference group; F&V, fruit and vegetables.

Indicates level of significance: * P < 0·05, ** P < 0·01.

^†Borderline significant (P = 0·05).

^‡Unadjusted.

^§Adjusted for weight status.

^||Adjusted for age (continuous) and education (categorical).

^¶Adjusted for age, education and weight status (categorical).

^‡‡Adjusted for age, education, weight status, smoking, alcohol and physical activity.