Table 4.

Modified Duke criteria

Major Criteria	Minor Criteria
Blood culture positive: viridans streptococci, Streptococcus bovis, HACEK group, Staphylococcus aureus, enterococci OR persistently positive blood cultures OR a single positive blood culture for Coxiella burnetii or anti–phase 1 IgG antibody titer >1:800	Predisposing heart condition or intravenous drug use
Echocardiogram positive for infective endocarditis (TEE is the most sensitive)	Fever >38°C
	Vascular phenomena; major arterial emboli, septic pulmonary infarcts, mycotic aneurysms, intracranial hemorrhage, conjunctival hemorrhage, Janeway lesions
	Immunologic phenomena: glomerulonephritis, Osler nodes, Roth spots, rheumatoid factor
	Blood culture positive that does not meet major criteria

Abbreviations: HACEK, Haemophilus, Actinobacillus, Cardiobacterium hominis, Eikenella corrodens, Kingella kingae; IgG, immunoglobulin G; TEE, transesophageal echocardiography.

Adapted from Baddour LM, Wilson WR, Bayer AS, et al. Infective endocarditis: diagnosis, antimicrobial therapy, and management of complications. Circulation 2005;111:e394–433; with permission.