Fig. 6.

The nanoindentation experiment, force spectra and elastic modulus analysis. A schematic of the indentation experiment: the points were selected in a region rich in cytoplasm around the nucleus (A). The force curves were acquired by nanoindentation with AFM (C–E). The blue and red lines represent the approach curves and the retract curves, respectively. The elastic modulus E continuously declined and was significantly lower than that of the control at 1 h (B). The results are displayed as the mean±s.d. and were analyzed by one-way analysis of variance. *P<0.05, **P<0.01.