Table 2.

Concentrations of fluoride in maternal urine, serum, and amniotic fluid by community water fluoridation concentration

	Fluoridation below recommended concentrations(< 0.7 mg/L)		Fluoridation in accordance with federal recommendations (> = 0.7 mg/L)
N	24		24
Fluoride concentrations	Mean ± SD	Min, Max	Mean ± SD		Min, Max
Community water	0.20 ± 0.18	0.02, 0.60	0.80 ± 0.092	*	0.69, 1.00
Maternal urine	0.52 ± 0.28	0.12, 1.25	0.74 ± 0.44	*	0.060, 1.70
Maternal urine adjusted for specific gravity	0.57± 0.35	0.17, 1.63	0.69 ± 0.34#		0.073, 1.66
Maternal serum	0.011 ± 0.0086	0.0040, 0.040	0.021 ± 0.015	*	0.0038, 0.059
Amniotic fluid	0.013 ± 0.0052	0.0061, 0.023	0.021 ± 0.014#	*	0.0063, 0.058

*The high fluoridation mean concentration is significantly different from the low fluoridation mean concentration at the 0.05 concentration using Welch’s t-test

^#N = 23