Figure 1.

Important fermentation characteristics of Clostridium autoethanogenum in autotrophic chemostats. Results from Valgepea et al. (2018) are also displayed (B–D), the conditions of all fermentations are summarized in Table 1. Growth curves of novel fermentations with standard deviation at steady-state (A). Specific rates of uptake (B) and production (C) for important metabolites. Product carbon balances (D). Values represent the average ± standard deviation between biological replicates. Number of biological replicates, and detailed gas composition for each fermentation are available in Table 1. Patterned bars indicate a D of 1 day⁻¹, full bars indicate a D of 0.5 day⁻¹ (B–D). q, specific rate; DCW, dry cell weight.