Table 1.
Baseline (1995–96) study characteristics according to median-splits of SES index in 1990 and 2000 among 266,804 participants in the National Institutes of Health-AARP Diet and Health Study
| Neighborhood SES trajectory a | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Baseline characteristics | Long-term high SES | Increasing SES | Decreasing SES | Long-term Low SES |
| N (% of total) | 114447 (43.0) | 18579 (7.0) | 18419 (6.9) | 114940 (43.2) |
| Age, mean (SD) | 61.9 (5.4) | 62.2 (5.3) | 62.2 (5.3) | 62.3 (5.3) |
| Female, % | 36.1 | 38.4 | 41.2 | 43.8 |
| White, non-Hispanic, % | 94.0 | 94.4 | 91.5 | 85.4 |
| College and post college, % | 48.8 | 32.5 | 38.2 | 27.5 |
| Married, % | 76.2 | 72.8 | 68.8 | 65.8 |
| Current smoker, % | 9.2 | 11.2 | 11.3 | 13.2 |
| Physical activity >= 5 times/wk, % | 20.6 | 20.0 | 19.7 | 18.9 |
| TV viewing ≤ 2 hr/d, % | 24.3 | 19.5 | 30.6 | 17.9 |
| Nighttime sleep 7–8 hr/d, % | 39.6 | 37.6 | 36.9 | 34.2 |
| Body mass index, kg/m2, mean (SD) | 26.7 (4.7) | 27.1 (4.8) | 26.9 (4.9) | 27.5 (5.4) |
| alcohol consumption, g/d, mean (SD) | 13.8 (35.6) | 13.8 (39.8) | 13.0 (38.5) | 12.0 (39.4) |
| HEI-2005 total score | 67.3 (11.2) | 66.1 (11.6) | 67.0 (11.4) | 65.9 (11.7) |
| Self-reported health, excellent, % | 20.2 | 15.4 | 17.2 | 13.5 |
| Chronic conditions | ||||
| Heart disease | 12.6 | 14.2 | 13.3 | 14.1 |
| Stroke | 1.6 | 2.1 | 1.8 | 2.5 |
| Cancer | 21.9 | 21.3 | 20.8 | 20.5 |
| Diabetes | 7.2 | 8.7 | 8.6 | 10.6 |
Abbreviations: SD, standard deviation; SES, socioeconomic status; HEI, health eating index.
a
Trajectories were characterized based on neighborhood SES index in 1990 and 2000: long-term high SES, SES index value < median in both 1990 and 2000; increasing SES, SES index value < median in 1990 but ≥ median in 2000; decreasing SES, SES index value ≥ median in 1990 and < median in 2000; long-term low SES, SES index value ≥ median in both 1990 and 2000