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. 2020 Mar 2;7(3):e697. doi: 10.1212/NXI.0000000000000697

Figure 1. Cytokine levels in patients surviving <1 year, 1–3 years, or 3–10 years.

Figure 1

Deceased patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (blue, n = 141), other motor neuron diseases (red, n = 78) were grouped into those surviving <1 year, 1–3 years, or 3–10 years, and cytokine levels compared by the Dunn test. (A) CSF tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), (B) plasma TNF-α, (C) plasma interleukin (IL)-1β, (D) plasma TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand. *p < 0.05. **p < 0.01. Upward arrows indicate which group has the highest relative level. IL = interleukin; TNF-α = tumor necrosis factor alpha; TRAIL = TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand.