Table 1.
Patient characteristics of the included cohort (n=372)
| Characteristic | Value |
|---|---|
| Age (yr) | 48.3 ± 11.8 |
| Active smoker (n = 179) | 94 (52.5) |
| Male sex | 184 (49.5) |
| Body mass index (kg/m2) | 25.3 ± 3.3 |
| Height (cm) | 177.2 ± 10.1 |
| Weight (kg) | 79.6 ± 13.5 |
| Operation time (min) | 39.4 ± 107.3 |
| Length of hospital stay (hr) | 23.2 ± 7.3 |
| ASA PS classification (n = 361) | |
| I | 217 (60) |
| II | 143 (39.6) |
| III | 1 (0.3) |
| Index level | |
| L1–2 | 1 (0.2) |
| L2–3 | 4 (1.1) |
| L3–4 | 25 (6.7) |
| L4–5 | 169 (45.4) |
| L5–S1 | 173 (46.5) |
| Side | |
| Right | 146 (39.2) |
| Left | 193 (51.9) |
| Medial | 19 (5.1) |
| Bilat | 14 (3.8) |
| Baseline PROM values | |
| ODI | 48.4 ± 18.1 |
| NRS leg pain | 7.4 ± 1.9 |
| NRS back pain | 5.2 ± 2.8 |
| 12-Month PROM change score | |
| ODI | -33.3 ± 23.0 |
| NRS leg pain | -5.4 ± 3.2 |
| NRS back pain | -2.2 ± 3.5 |
| Achieved MCID* | 327 (87.9) |
| TTS (wk), median (IQR) | 21 (12–37) |
Values are presented as mean±standard deviation or number (%) unless otherwise indicated.
ASA PS, American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status; PROM, patient-reported outcome measure; ODI, Oswestry Disability Index; NRS, Numeric Rating Scale; TTS, time to surgery; MCID, minimum clinically important difference; IQR, interquartile range.
*
Defined as a ≥30% improvement in NRS leg pain scores from baseline to the 12-month follow-up.