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. 2020 Apr 6;10:5958. doi: 10.1038/s41598-020-62483-0

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© The Author(s) 2020

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Changes in macular pigment optical density (MPOD) values in a total of 39 fellow eyes of unilateral age-related macular degeneration patients (A) and the beeswax capsule group (n = 20) and glycerol fatty acid esters capsule group (n = 19) (B). Comparison of MPOD difference from the baseline in the beeswax capsule group (n = 20) and glycerol fatty acid esters capsule group (n = 19) (C). (A) MPOD gradually increased from the baseline over 3 and 6 months without significance (repeated measures ANOVA, p = 0.0699). (B) In the beeswax capsule group, MPOD marginally increased from the baseline (ANOVA, p = 0.0451; Bonferroni corrected pair-wise comparison between 3 months and 6 months, p = 0.0555). MPOD in the glycerol fatty acid esters capsule group did not significantly increase from the baseline (repeated measures ANOVA, p = 0.7396). (C) No significant differences from the baseline were seen between the beeswax capsule and glycerol fatty acid esters capsule groups at 3 and 6 months (ANCOVA; p = 0.9722 and p = 0.2891, respectively). MPOD = macular pigment optical density; DU = density units; SE = standard error.