Table 1.
Distribution of 35,863 patients with colon cancer from the American College of Surgeons National Surgical Outcome Improvement Program (ACS NSQIP) database
| Characteristic | No. of patients (%) |
P-value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| LCC (n = 18,936) | RCC (n = 16,927) | ||
| Age, years | |||
| ≤49 | 2,541 (13.4) | 971 (5.7) | <0.001 |
| 50–64 | 7,303 (38.6) | 4,100 (24.2) | |
| 65–79 | 6,627 (35.0) | 7,233 (42.7) | |
| ≥80 | 2,465 (13.0) | 4,623 (27.3) | |
| Sex | |||
| Female | 8,841 (46.7) | 9,291 (54.9) | <0.001 |
| Male | 10,095 (53.3) | 7,636 (45.1) | |
| Race | |||
| White | 12,178 (64.3) | 11,822 (69.8) | <0.001 |
| Black | 1,680 (8.9) | 1,596 (9.4) | |
| Others | 5,078 (26.8) | 3,509 (20.7) | |
| Current smoker | |||
| No | 16,508 (87.2) | 14,948 (88.3) | 0.001 |
| Yes | 2,428 (12.8) | 1,979 (11.7) | |
| Functional status | |||
| Independent | 18,503 (97.7) | 16,266 (96.1) | |
| Partially or fully dependent | 433 (2.3) | 661 (3.9) | <0.001 |
| ASA classification | |||
| <3 | 9,050 (47.8) | 6,074 (35.9) | <0.001 |
| ≥3 | 9,886 (52.2) | 10,853 (64.1) | |
| BMI, kg/m² | |||
| <18.5 | 340 (1.8) | 393 (2.3) | <0.001 |
| 18.5–24.9 | 4,659 (24.6) | 4,511 (26.7) | |
| 25–29.9 | 6,454 (34.1) | 5,784 (34.2) | |
| ≥30 | 7,483 (39.5) | 6,239 (36.9) | |
| Weight loss >10% | |||
| No | 18,168 (95.9) | 16,000 (94.5) | <0.001 |
| Yes | 768 (4.1) | 927 (5.5) | |
| Surgery procedure | |||
| Laparoscopic | 11,330 (59.8) | 10,005 (59.1) | 0.19 |
| Open | 7,606 (40.2) | 6,922 (40.9) | |
| Comorbidities | |||
| Diabetes mellitus | 3,499 (18.5) | 3,474 (20.5) | <0.001 |
| MI | 35 (0.2) | 61 (0.4) | 0.001 |
| CHF | 154 (0.8) | 238 (1.4) | <0.001 |
| Revascularization or amputation | 78 (0.4) | 68 (0.4) | 0.88 |
| Previous cardiac surgery | 335 (1.8) | 410 (2.4) | <0.001 |
| Previous PCI | 378 (2.0) | 403 (2.4) | 0.01 |
| TIA | 150 (0.8) | 197 (1.2) | <0.001 |
| Hypertension | 10,025 (52.9) | 10,276 (60.7) | <0.001 |
| Pneumonia | 1 (0) | 13 (0.1) | <0.001 |
| COPD | 847 (4.5) | 1, 112 (6.6) | <0.001 |
| Renal failure | 66 (0.4) | 66 (0.4) | 0.52 |
| Dialysis | 100 (0.5) | 98 (0.6) | 0.52 |
| CVA | 110 (0.6) | 147 (0.9) | 0.001 |
| Impaired sensorium | 5 (0) | 5 (0) | 0.86 |
| Hemiplegia | 38 (0.2) | 64 (0.4) | 0.002 |
| Quadriplegia | 4 (0) | 2 (0) | 0.5 |
| Operation approach | |||
| Open | 7,606 (40.2) | 6,922 (40.9) | 0.1619 |
| Laparoscopic | 11,330 (59.8) | 10,005 (59.1) | |
| Anemia | |||
| No | 11,073 (58.5) | 5,829 (34.4) | |
| Mild | 7,602 (40.2) | 10,606 (62.7) | <0.001 |
| Severe | 261 (1.4) | 492 (2.9) | <0.001 |
| Blood transfusion | |||
| No | 17,867 (94.4) | 15,345 (90.7) | <0.001 |
| Yes | 1,069 (5.7) | 1,582 (9.4) | |
LCC, left colon cancer; RCC, right colon cancer; ASA, American Society of Anesthesiologists; BMI, body mass index (calculated as weight in kilograms divided by height in meters squared); MI, myocardial infarction; CHF, congestive heart failure; PCI, percutaneous coronary intervention; TIA, transient ischemic attack; COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; CVA, cerebrovascular accident.