Table 2. Studies With Ischemic Stroke, Hemorrhagic Stroke, Major Bleeding, and Mortality Outcomes.
| Source | Sample size, No. | Ischemic stroke | Hemorrhagic stroke | Major bleeding | Mortality | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Warfarin | Control | No. (%) | HR (95% CI) | No. (%) | HR (95% CI) | No. (%) | HR (95% CI) | No. (%) | HR (95% CI) | |||||
| Warfarin | Control | Warfarin | Control | Warfarin | Control | Warfarin | Control | |||||||
| Chan et al,8 2009 | 508 | 480 | 158 (31.2) | 63 (13.1) | 1.81 (1.12-2.92) | 33 (6.5) | 14 (2.9) | 2.22 (1.01-4.91) | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA |
| Winkelmayer et al,9 2011 | 249 | 2064 | 29 (12.2) | 135 (14.2) | 0.92 (0.61-1.37) | 11 (4.6) | 46 (2.2) | 2.38 (1.15-4.96) | 48 (20.3) | 215 (22.7) | 0.96 (0.70-1.31) | 181 (76.3) | 750 (79.0) | 1.06 (0.90-1.24) |
| Carrero et al,10 2014 | 66 | 412 | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | 4 (6.1) | 34 (8.3) | 0.52 (0.16-1.65) | NA | NA | NA |
| Chen et al,11 2014 | 294 | 2983 | 16 (5.6) | 119 (4.0) | 1.02 (0.67-1.53) | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA |
| Genovesi et al,14 2015 | 134 | 156 | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | 75 (56.0) | 95 (61.0) | 0.91 (0.56-1.48) |
| Shah et al,12 2014 | 756 | 870 | 52 (6.9) | 55 (6.3) | 1.14 (0.78-1.67) | NA | NA | NA | 149 (19.7) | 125 (14.4) | 1.41 (1.09-1.81) | NA | NA | NA |
| Wakasugi et al,13 2014 | 28 | 32 | 8 (28.5) | 5 (15.6) | 1.94 (0.63-5.93) | NA | NA | NA | 3 (10.7) | 4 (12.5) | 0.85 (0.19-3.64) | 9 (32.1) | 9 (28.1) | 1.00 (0.40-2.52) |
| Shen et al,15 2015 | 1834 | 10446 | 62 (3.4) | 501 (4.8) | 0.68 (0.47-0.99) | 29 (1.6) | 188 (1.8) | 0.82 (0.37-1.81) | 153 (8.3) | 888 (8.5) | 1.00 (0.69-1.44) | 831 (45.2) | 4596 (44.0) | 1.01 (0.92-1.11) |
| Garg et al,16 2016 | 119 | 183 | 13 (10.9) | 21 (11.4) | 0.93 (0.49-1.82) | NA | NA | NA | 26 (22.0) | 26 (14.2) | 1.53 (0.94-2.51) | 97 (81.5) | 145 (79.2) | 1.03 (0.91-1.15) |
| Wang et al,17 2016 | 59 | 82 | NA | NA | NA | 4 (6.8) | 0 | 11.11 (1.15-107.2) | 11 (18.6) | 5 (6.1) | 3.26 (1.13-9.4) | NA | NA | NA |
| Kai et al,20 2017 | 989 | 3297 | 67 (6.7) | 304 (9.2) | 0.68 (0.52-0.90) | 2 (2.0) | 45 (1.4) | 1.2 (0.6-2.2) | 126 (13.0) | 368 (11.0) | 0.97 (0.77-1.2) | 495 (50.0) | 1813 (55.0) | 0.76 (0.69-0.84) |
| Lee et al,22 2017 | 589 | 1767 | 48 (8.1) | 51 (2.9) | 0.92 (0.57-1.48) | 6 (1.0) | 35 (2.0) | 0.84 (0.32-2.19) | NA | NA | NA | 340 (57.7) | 1050 (59.4) | 1.04 (0.88-1.23) |
| Tan et al,19 2019 | 1651 | 4114 | 93 (5.6) | 646 (15.7) | 0.88 (0.70-1.11) | NA | NA | NA | 406 (24.6) | 1555 (37.8) | 1.48 (1.32-1.66) | 475 (28.8) | 3349 (81.4) | 0.72 (0.65-0.80) |
| Yoon et al,21 2017 | 2921 | 7053 | 222 (7.6) | 458 (6.5) | 1.09 (0.93-1.28) | 88 (3.0) | 141 (2.0) | 1.44 (1.10-1.88) | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA |
| Voskamp et al,23 2018 | 244 | 1474 | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | 141 (57.7) | 538 (36.5) | 1.20 (1.00-1.50) |
Abbreviations: HR, hazard ratio; NA, not applicable.