Table 4.
Incidence rate and adjusted hazard ratios for site-specific cancer according to glycemic status and LDL cholesterol
| No. of events | LDL cholesterol <100 mg/dl vs. others | Diabetes vs. others | Diabetes with LDL cholesterol <100 mg/dl vs. others | Diabetes with HbA1c ≥7.0% and LDL cholesterol <100 mg/dl vs. others | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
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| HR (95% CI) | P value | HR (95% CI) | P value | HR (95% CI) | P value | HR (95% CI) | P value | ||
| Digestive organs | |||||||||
| Total | 614 | 1.70 (1.41-2.05) | <0.0001 | 1.62 (1.31-2.01) | <0.0001 | 2.03 (1.57-2.62) | <0.0001 | 2.03 (1.39-2.96) | 0.0002 |
| Colorectal Cancer | 187 | 1.47 (1.06-2.04) | 0.02 | 1.68 (1.16-2.43) | 0.006 | 2.42 (1.58-3.73) | <0.0001 | 1.82 (0.89-3.70) | 0.10 |
| Liver Cancer | 156 | 2.13 (1.50-3.03) | <0.0001 | 2.15 (1.47-3.16) | <0.0001 | 2.97 (1.97-4.50) | <0.0001 | 3.59 (2.07-6.21) | <0.0001 |
| Stomach Cancer | 156 | 1.02 (0.71-1.46) | 0.92 | 0.95 (0.60-1.50) | 0.82 | 0.54 (0.26-1.14) | 0.11 | 0.73 (0.26-2.05) | 0.54 |
| Pancreatic Cancer | 68 | 1.58 (0.89-2.80) | 0.12 | 1.06 (0.52-2.16) | 0.88 | 1.69 (0.75-3.78) | 0.20 | 2.97 (1.08-8.17) | 0.03 |
| Esophageal cancer | 47 | 1.69 (0.91-3.15) | 0.10 | 2.10 (1.09-4.07) | 0.03 | 1.96 (0.87-4.41) | 0.10 | 0.52 (0.07-3.98) | 0.52 |
| Other sites other than digestive organs | |||||||||
| Total | 1096 | 1.03 (0.90-1.18) | 0.65 | 1.19 (1.01-1.40) | 0.03 | 1.13 (0.91-1.41) | 0.27 | 1.16 (0.84-1.61) | 0.37 |
| Lung Cancer | 357 | 1.03 (0.81-1.30) | 0.84 | 1.12 (0.84-1.49) | 0.44 | 1.18 (0.81-1.72) | 0.38 | 1.36 (0.78-2.34) | 0.28 |
| Female breast Cancer | 188 | 0.79 (0.56-1.11) | 0.17 | 1.26 (0.82-1.96) | 0.29 | 1.17 (0.64-2.14) | 0.62 | 1.57 (0.69-3.56) | 0.28 |
| Thyroid Cancer | 108 | 0.83 (0.54-1.28) | 0.40 | 0.99 (0.55-1.78) | 0.98 | 0.78 (0.31-1.99) | 0.61 | 0.81 (0.19-3.49) | 0.78 |
| Endometrial Cancer | 77 | 0.88 (0.53-1.45) | 0.61 | 1.26 (0.67-2.37) | 0.48 | 0.89 (0.34-2.35) | 0.81 | 0.74 (0.17-3.30) | 0.69 |
| Haematological Malignancies | 59 | 1.15 (0.64-2.06) | 0.64 | 1.38 (0.69-2.74) | 0.36 | 1.69 (0.75-3.82) | 0.21 | 0.38 (0.05-2.94) | 0.38 |
| Cervical Cancer | 52 | 0.98 (0.54-1.76) | 0.93 | 0.47 (0.14-1.51) | 0.20 | 1.05 (0.30-3.65) | 0.94 | 1.92 (0.40-9.17) | 0.41 |
HRs were adjusted for age, sex, BMI, family history of cancer, smoking, drinking, education status, physical activity, consumption of vegetables and fruit, insulin therapy, lipid-lowering medication, and systolic blood pressure.