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Schematically proposed mechanism of radiation-induced urinary bladder chronic cystitis based on the results of the present study. MMP = macrophage; MIF macrophage migratory inhibitor; TGF-β = transforming growth factor; ECSW = extracorporeal shock wave; TLR = toll-like receptor; MYD88 = myeloid differentiation primary response 88; TRAF = tumor necrosis factor (TNF) receptor associated factor; GAG = glycosaminoglycan.
