Table 4.

Differentially expressed miRNAs in peripartum cardiomyopathy

miRNA	Regulation in human pregnancy	Ref.	Heart disease	Mechanism and outcome	Ref.
miR-146a	↑ plasma	[62, 198]	Cardiomyocyte-restricted STAT3-KO mice	↑miR-146a → ↓NRAS → ↓ EC proliferation, ↑ apoptosis	[62]
				↑ miR-146a in cardiomyocytes → ↓ ERBB4 → ↓ metabolic activity	[62]
miR-199a	↑ LV tissue	[61, 199]	Cardiomyocyte-restricted STAT3-KO mice	↑miR-199a-5p → ↓ERBB4 in cardiomyocytes → ↓glucose uptake, ↑ROS, ↑cell death	[199]
				↑miR-199a-5p → ↓ Ube2g1/Ube2i → cardiomyocyte sarcomere disarray ↑miR-199a-5p → ↑ ADMA secretion from cardiomyocytes → ↓ NO bioavailability, ↑ cardiac EC dysfunction, ↑ apoptosis	[61]

ADMA asymmetric dimethylarginie, EC endothelial cell, ERBB4 Erb-B2 receptor tyrosine kinase 4, KO knockout, LV left ventricle, miR microRNA, NO nitric oxide, NRAS NRAS proto-oncogene, ROS reactive oxygen species, STAT3 signal transducer and activator of transcription 3, Ube2g1 ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme E2 G1, Ube2i ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme E2 I, UPS ubiquitin-proteasome system