Table 1. Characteristics of the included studies .
|
First author (reference) |
Year of publication | Province | Sample size | Female gender (%) | Age (years) | Population type | Sampling method | Diagnostic tools | Point prevalence (%) |
95% Confidence interval (CI) |
Quality score |
| Yaghoubi et al. (18) | 1995 | Guilan | 625 | 53.4 | ≥15 | Urban & Rural | Cluster random | GHQ & DSM-III based clinical interview | 6.2 | 4.6-8.4 | 5 |
| Sadeghi et al. (19) | 2000 | Kermanshah | 501 | 53.9 | ≥15 | Urban | Cluster random | SRQ-24 & DSM-IV based clinical interview | 1.6 | 0.7-3.5 | 5 |
|
Shamsalizadeh et al. (20) |
2001 | Tehran | 640 | 55.1 | ≥15 | Rural | Total population | GHQ & DSM-IV based clinical interview | 11.3 | 9.1-14.0 | 5 |
|
Khosravi (21) |
2002 | Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari | 450 | 57.7 | ≥15 | Urban & Rural | Systematic random | SCL-90-R & DSM-III based clinical interview | 4.7 | 3.1-7.0 | 5 |
| Kaviani et al. (22) | 2002 | Tehran | 1052 | 49.0 | 20-65 | Urban | Cluster random | BDI & DSM-IV based clinical interview | 6.8 | 5.4-8.5 | 5 |
|
Mohammadi et al. (23) |
2003 | Mazandaran | 1022 | 51.7 | ≥18 | Urban & Rural | Multistage cluster random | SADS & DSM-IV based clinical interview | 4.6 | 3.5-6.1 | 5 |
| Mohammadi et al. b (24) | 2003 | West Azerbaijan | 1041 | 50.1 | ≥18 | Urban & Rural | Multistage cluster random | SADS & DSM-IV based clinical interview | 4.6 | 3.5-6.1 | 5 |
| Hassanshahi et al. (25) | 2003 | Fars | 650 | 57.8 | ≥15 | Urban & Rural | Simple random | SCL-90-R & DSM-IV based clinical interview checklist | 7.2 | 5.5-9.5 | 5 |
| Omidi et al. (26) | 2003 | Isfahan | 650 | 50.0 | ≥15 | Urban | Systematic random | GHQ & DSM-IV based clinical interview checklist | 3.4 | 2.3-5.1 | 5 |
| Mohammadi et al. c (27) | 2003 | Kurdistan | 495 | 49.3 | ≥18 | Urban & Rural | Multistage cluster random | SADS & DSM-IV based clinical interview | 4.0 | 2.6-6.2 | 5 |
| Mohammadi et al. d (28) | 2003 | Kohgiluyeh and Boyer Ahmad | 337 | 49.2 | ≥18 | Urban & Rural | Multistage cluster random | SADS & DSM-IV based clinical interview | 0.3 | 0-2.1 | 5 |
| Mohammadi et al. e (29) | 2003 | Semnan | 280 | 53.2 | ≥18 | Urban & Rural | Multistage cluster random | SADS & DSM-IV based clinical interview | 3.6 | 1.9-6.5 | 4 |
| Mohammadi et al. f (30) | 2003 | Tehran | 5311 | 48.5 | ≥18 | Urban & Rural | Multistage cluster random | SADS & DSM-IV based clinical interview | 3.3 | 2.8-3.8 | 5 |
|
Mohammadi et al. (31) |
2004 | Guilan | 925 | 50.8 | ≥15 | Urban & Rural | Multistage cluster random | SADS & DSM-IV based clinical interview | 3.0 | 2.1-4.4 | 5 |
| Mohammadi et al. b (32) | 2004 | East Azerbaijan | 1286 | 49.1 | ≥18 | Urban & Rural | Multistage cluster random | SADS & DSM-IV based clinical interview | 2.3 | 1.6-3.2 | 5 |
| Mohammadi et al. c (33) | 2004 | Hamadan | 664 | 48.2 | ≥18 | Urban & Rural | Multistage cluster random | SADS & DSM-IV based clinical interview | 2.6 | 1.6-4.1 | 5 |
| Mohammadi et al. d (34) | 2004 | Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari | 305 | 47.5 | ≥18 | Urban & Rural | Multistage cluster random | SADS & DSM-IV based clinical interview | 2.3 | 1.1-4.7 | 5 |
| Mohammadi et al. e (35) | 2004 | Ardebil | 394 | 47.5 | ≥18 | Urban & Rural | Multistage cluster random | SADS & DSM-IV based clinical interview | 4.8 | 3.1-7.4 | 5 |
| Mohammadi et al. f (36) | 2004 | Golestan | 518 | 47.9 | ≥18 | Urban & Rural | Multistage cluster random | SADS & DSM-IV based clinical interview | 1.9 | 1.0-3.5 | 5 |
| Mohammadi et al. g (37) | 2004 | South Khorasan | 2301 | 50.4 | ≥18 | Urban & Rural | Multistage cluster random | SADS & DSM-IV based clinical interview | 2.3 | 1.7-3.0 | 5 |
|
Mohammadi et al. (38) |
2005 | Kerman | 876 | 51.3 | ≥18 | Urban & Rural | Multistage cluster random | SADS & DSM-IV based clinical interview | 5.6 | 4.2-7.3 | 5 |
| Mohammadi et al. b (39) | 2005 | Qazvin | 354 | 50.8 | ≥18 | Urban & Rural | Multistage cluster random | SADS & DSM-IV based clinical interview | 2.8 | 1.5-6.2 | 5 |
|
Hosseinifard et al. (40) |
2005 | Kerman | 830 | 54.5 | 15-18 | High-school Students | Multistage | SCL-90-R & DSM-IV based clinical interview checklist | 2.4 | 1.6-3.7 | 5 |
| Parvizifard et al. (41) | 2006 | Kermanshah | 423 | 74.2 | 17-22 | University Students | convenience | SRQ-24 & DSM-IV based clinical interview checklist | 5.7 | 3.8-8.3 | 5 |
|
Modabernia et al. (42) |
2008 | Guilan | 4020 | 62.8 | 18-70 | Urban & Rural | Multistage cluster random | BDI & DSM-IV based clinical interview | 1.0 | 0.7-1.4 | 6 |
|
Mirabzadeh et al. (43) |
2009 | Tehran | 204 | 53.4 | ≥59 | Urban | Simple random | GHQ & GDS & CIDI | 10.7 | 15.4-26.5 | 4 |
| Parvaresh et al. (44) | 2010 | Kerman | 1527 | 67.6 | ≥15 | Urban | Cluster random | GHQ & DSM-IV based clinical interview | 6.8 | 5.7-8.2 | 6 |
|
Ahmadvand et al. (45) |
2012 | Isfahan | 1800 | 54.5 | ≥18 | Urban | Stratified random | GHQ & DSM-IV based clinical interview checklist | 8.2 | 7.0-9.6 | 5 |
| Yaghubi et al. (46) | 2014 | Tehran | 500 | 62.0 | NR | University Students | Quota Sampling | GHQ & CIDI | 8.5 | 6.4-11.3 | 5 |
| Sharifi et al. (47) | 2015 | National | 7886 | 57.0 | 15-64 | Urban & Rural | Multistage cluster random | CIDI & SCID-I | 12.7 | 12.0-13.5 | 7 |
|
Mohammadi et al. (48) |
2001 | National | 25180 | 49.7 | ≥18 | Urban & Rural | Multistage cluster random | SADS & DSM-IV based clinical interview | 1.8 | 1.0-2.9 | 5 |