| Study | Reason for exclusion |
|---|---|
| Dobbs 1977 | Atrial fibrillation in 28.3% of participants |
| Fleg 1991 | Ten participants, studied using cross‐over design over two four‐week periods |
| Just 1993 | Study in 133 participants directed at individuals "without significantly reduced ejection fraction at rest" |
| Kostis 1994 | Seven participants randomly assigned to digitalis and six to placebo |
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