Levy 1998.

Methods	Setting: US, poor, high‐crime urban area, neighbourhood‐based service in converted store front Enrolment: over the first 12 months of the study ‐ 386 intravenous drug users were recruited by outreach team from the streets Follow‐up: re‐interview 3 months later
Participants	60 HIV‐positive participants were randomised Inclusion criteria Injecting drug users HIV positive and receiving results Have needle‐sharing partners or sexual partners
Interventions	All index patients receive referral to case management services, help in identifying and naming at‐risk partners, reasons to inform their partners and counselling in how to do so Simple patient referral Index patients receive help in identifying and naming partners and are counselled about notification Choice patient referral or provider referral Index patients receive help in identifying and naming partners and are counselled about notification. Outreach team notify those partners the patient does not want to notify themselves, without revealing the identity of index patient
Outcomes	Primary outcome Partners elicited Secondary outcomes Partners tested Partners testing positive Domestic violence Suicide
Notes	This study is still ongoing, and apart from limited data on patient preferences, there are no data on other outcomes The only study conducted outside of the formal health services Harms are being compared

HIV: human immunodeficiency virus.