Table 1. Potential cellular origin of hepatic myofibroblasts.

Potential Cell Types	Potential Biomarkers	References
Hepatic stellate cells (HSCs)	• GFAP • Desmin • LRAT • PDGFRβ • HAND2	[17, 18]
Portal fibroblasts (PFs)	• Elastin • Thy-1 • NTPDase2	[15, 24]
Hepatocytes	• FSP-1 • FAP	[28, 32]
Hepatic progenitor cell (HPCs)	• CD133 • CK-7	[34, 35]
Fibrocytes	• CD11b, CD34, CD45, CD54, CD80, CD86, CCR1, CCR2, CCR5, CCR7, MHCII, Gr1, Ly6c • Collagen type 1, Fibronectin, Vimentin	[36, 38]
Mesothelial cells (MCs)	• GPM6 • ITGA8	[45, 46]

Abbreviations: GFAP: glial fibrillary acidic protein. LRAT: lecithin retinol acyltransferase. PDGFRβ: platelet-derived growth factor receptor-β. HAND2: heart- and neural crest derivatives-expressed protein 2. NTPDase2: Ectonucleoside Triphosphate Diphosphohydrolase 2. FSP-1: fibroblast specific protein-1. FAP: Fibroblast Activation Protein Alpha. CK-7: Type II Cytoskeletal 7. MHC II: Major Histocompatibility Complex, Class II. GPM6: Glycoprotein M6. ITGA8: integrin α8.