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Comparison of pain level between the piezo-puncture and control sides
| Group | Time | Mean difference±SDa | p |
|---|---|---|---|
| Control | T0b | 0.76±1.05 | 0.056 |
| Piezo-puncture | 1.05±2.09 | ||
| Control | T0–T1c | 0.81±1.14 | 0.373 |
| Piezo-puncture | 0.89±1.07 | ||
| Control | T1–T2d | 0.79±1.07 | 0.281 |
| Piezo-puncture | 0.71±0.9 |
Significance level at p<0.05
Standard deviation
After piezo-puncture and connection of spring
During the first month of canine retraction
During the second month of canine retraction
