| Study | Reason for exclusion |
|---|---|
| Brennan 1994 | Not randomised |
| Burke 1994 | Not randomised |
| Imamovic 2010 | Not randomised |
| Ishida 2010 | No full text |
| Kim 2010 | Participants were pseudorandomly divided into three groups |
| Kim 2010b | Not randomised |
| Kitteringham 1996 | Not randomised |
| Lavyne 1992 | No active rehabilitation but epidural corticosteroids |
| Le Roux 1999 | No active rehabilitation but Ketorolac during wound closure |
| Mannion 2007 | Stenosis + HNP, no separate data on HNP because of unclear diagnosis |
| Millisdotter 2007 | Not randomised |
| Nielsen 2010 | Unclear population, probably not HNP |
| Rotthaupt 1997 | No adequate randomisation (date of birth) |
| Woischnek 2000 | Descriptive pilot study |
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