Effect of geniposide on apoptosis in HUVECs subjected to ox-LDL. HUVECs were pretreated with geniposide (40 μM) for 1 h and treated with ox-LDL (50 μg/ml) for 24 h. (A) The apoptosis rate was assayed by Annexin V-FITC/PI Apoptosis Detection kit. (B) Analysis of the flow cytometry data. (C) The expression of Bax and Bcl-2 were determined by western blot analysis. (D) The caspase-3 activity was evaluated by a caspase-3 assay kit. (E) The MMP was determined by JC-1 staining kit. Data are shown as mean ± standard deviation, n=3. *P<0.05, **P<0.01 vs. control group. #P<0.05, ##P<0.01 vs. ox-LDL treatment group. GEN, geniposide; ox-LDL, oxidized low-density lipoprotein; FITC, fluorescein isothiocyanate; PI, propidium iodide; MMP, mitochondrial membrane potential; HUVECs, human umbilical vein endothelial cells.