Table 2. Default input values of costs and prices used in the economic analysis for costs of ketosis, and their sources of origin.
| Parameter | Value | Unit | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| Milk production | |||
| Milk price | 0.35 | €/kg | [24] |
| Feed costs | 0.16188 | €/ kVEMa | [25] |
| Treatment costs | |||
| Medication costs | 16.5 | €/case | Expert opinion |
| Labor costs | 24 | €/hour | [24] |
| Time spent per case | 1.5 | hours | Expert opinion |
| Diagnostics | 1 | €/case | Expert opinion |
| Veterinary service costs | 70 | €/case | Expert opinion |
| Costs of other diseases/reproduction | |||
| Treatment costs of displaced abomasum | 125 | €/case | Expert opinion |
| Treatment costs of clinical mastitis | 30 | €/case | Adapted from [26] |
| Insemination costs | 30 | €/insemination | Dutch market price |
| Calf management costs | 180 | €/calving | Authors’ expertise |
| Calf price | 75 | €/calf | Dutch market price |
| Slaughter prices | [16, 27] | ||
| Parity 1 | 668 | €/cow | |
| Parity 2 | 753 | €/cow | |
| Parity 3 | 779 | €/cow | |
| Opportunity cost replacement heiferb | 965 | €/heifer | [27] |
aVEM is the feed requirements estimated as energy requirements in feed units for lactation, as defined by Van Es [23].
bRepresent the market value of a retained heifer that could have been sold at weaning.