Table 4.

Causes of right heart dilatation in adult congenital heart disease

Left-to-right shunt

Atrial septal defects

Partial anomalous pulmonary return

Extracardial shunts (pulmonary/systemic arteriovenous connections)

Coronary artery fistula (to the coronary sinus/right atrium/right ventricle)

Valvular dysfunction

Tricuspid valve regurgitation

Ebstein’s anomaly

Pulmonary valve regurgitation

Post-operative valvular insufficiency after tetralogy of Fallot repair

Myocardial malformation

Uhl’s anomaly

Ventricular aneurysm/diverticulum