Table 2.

Implementation outcomes.

Proctor et al.’s implementation outcomes (Proctor et al., 2011)	Collaborative implementation outcomes	Definition	Measurement
Adoption - setting	Adoption	FQHCs that signed the participant agreement (n = 9)	Center demographics from the Uniform Data System (Health Resources and Services Administration Health Center Program: 2018. Health Center Data, n.d.-b)
Adoption - provider	Engagement	FQHC and individual attendance at in-person collaborative meetings and monthly calls	Lobbyguard software and Poll Everywhere item
Implementation Fidelity	Implementation of QI tools	QI tools that were filled out and acted upon by FQHC staff during the collaborative	Log of completed QI tools
Penetration	Spread of QI tools	Tools that were applied to other screening/conditions or other populations	Baseline and follow-up inventory and post-collaborative focus group
Intervention fidelity	Implementation of CRC screening EBIs	Implementation of interventions recommended by the Guide to Community Preventive Services	Baseline and follow-up inventory
Effectiveness	CRC screening rates	Percentage of adults 50–75 years of age who had appropriate screening for colorectal cancer	The 2016, 2017, 2018 Uniform Data System (Health Resources and Services Administration Health Center Program: 2018. Health Center Data, n.d.-b)
Appropriateness	Influence of implementation strategies on CRC screening rates	Implementation staff perceptions of how collaborative strategies led to systems change and increase in screening rates	Post-collaborative focus group