Table 1.

miR-34a Expression in GICs

Cancer	Population	Paired		Unpaired	P value	Sample size	Assay	References
		Up	Down			(Tumor/Non-Tumor)
EC	Kazakh	2	23	Down	0.0071	25/25	qPCR	[33]
	Chinese	2	6			8/8	qPCR	[34]
	Iranian			Down	<0.001	25/25	qPCR	[35]
	Chinese			Down	<0.0001	119/119	Microarray	[36]
GC	Chinese	4	8			12/12	qPCR	[50]
	Chinese			Down	<0.05	20/10	qPCR	[51]
	Chinese			Down	<0.001	62/20	qPCR	[52]
	Japanese			Down	0.024	280/120	Microarray	[53]
CRC	American			Up	<0.001	159/159	qPCR	[86]
	Chinese			Up	<0.001	113/113	qPCR	[86]
	Chinese	72	37			109/109	qPCR	[87]
	Hungarian			Up	<0.05	20/20	Microarray	[88]
	Italian	15	5			20/20	Microarray	[89]
	Chinese			Down	<0.05	25/15	qPCR	[90]
	Chinese			Down	<0.01	30/30	qPCR	[91]
	American			Down	0.002	10/10	qPCR	[94]
	Iranian			Down	0.004	63/45	qPCR	[92]
	Hungarian			Down	<0.001	43/12	qPCR	[93]
HCC	Chinese			Down	<0.001	11/9	qPCR	[131]
	Chinese			Down	<0.05	60/60	qPCR	[130]
	Chinese			Down	0.026	30/30	qPCR	[132]
	Chinese			Down	<0.00001	78/88	Microarray	[133]
	American			Down	<0.00001	73/73	Microarray	[133]
	Japanese			Down	<0.00001	96/96	Microarray	[133]
	Indian			Down	<0.00001	4/8	Microarray	[133]
PC	Chinese			Down	<0.001	159/82	qPCR	[153]
	Japanese			Down	<0.001	139/139	qPCR	[154]
	Brazilian			Up	0.001	24/10	qPCR	[155]
	American			Up	<0.05	42/7	Microarray	[156]
	American			Up	<0.05	36/36	Microarray	[177]
GBC	Chinese			Down	<0.05	77/36	qPCR	[173]