TABLE 3.
Top metabolites associated with dietary intake of foods in the Prostate, Lung, Colorectal, and Ovarian Cancer Screening Trial1,2
| Foods and metabolites | Super class | Correlation (r) | P |
|---|---|---|---|
| Citrus: oranges, orange juice, grapefruit | |||
| Proline betaine | Organic acids and derivatives | 0.55 | 0 |
| Histamine | Organonitrogen compounds | −0.33 | 8.30 × 10−4 |
| Arginine | Organic acids and derivatives | −0.32 | 9.92 × 10−3 |
| Acetylcholine | Organonitrogen compounds | 0.23 | 3.02 × 10−7 |
| Carnosine | Organic acids and derivatives | −0.23 | 3.70 × 10−7 |
| Glyoxylic acid | Lipids and lipid-like molecules | 0.22 | 6.19 × 10−7 |
| Juice | |||
| Proline betaine | Organic acids and derivatives | 0.43 | 2.16 × 10−3 |
| Arginine | Organic acids and derivatives | −0.26 | 9.68 × 10−9 |
| Acetylcholine | Organonitrogen compounds | 0.24 | 1.63 × 10−7 |
| Histamine | Organonitrogen compounds | −0.22 | 1.34 × 10−6 |
| Yellow/orange vegetables: carrots, squash | |||
| Cotinine | Organoheterocyclic compounds | −0.23 | 4.18 × 10−7 |
| Sweets: candy, chocolate, cookies, donuts, pies | |||
| C36:1 PC plasmalogen | Lipids and lipid-like molecules | 0.25 | 2.16 × 10−8 |
| Ice cream | |||
| C36:1 PE plasmalogen | Lipids and lipid-like molecules | 0.28 | 4.11 × 10−10 |
| C56:8 TAG | Lipids and lipid-like molecules | −0.26 | 5.10 × 10−9 |
| C56:7 TAG | Lipids and lipid-like molecules | −0.26 | 1.05 × 10−8 |
| C56:9 TAG | Lipids and lipid-like molecules | −0.26 | 1.22 × 10−8 |
| C38:3 PE plasmalogen | Lipids and lipid-like molecules | 0.24 | 5.58 × 10−8 |
| C58:10 TAG | Lipids and lipid-like molecules | −0.24 | 5.75 × 10−8 |
| C58:9 TAG + NH4 | Lipids and lipid-like molecules | −0.24 | 8.11 × 10−8 |
| C58:10 TAG + NH4 | Lipids and lipid-like molecules | −0.24 | 1.74 × 10−7 |
| C58:9 TAG | Lipids and lipid-like molecules | −0.23 | 2.00 × 10−7 |
| C36:1 PC plasmalogen | Lipids and lipid-like molecules | 0.23 | 2.00 × 10−7 |
| C56:8 TAG + NH4 | Lipids and lipid-like molecules | −0.23 | 3.60 × 10−7 |
| C36:0 PE | Lipids and lipid-like molecules | 0.22 | 6.54 × 10−7 |
| C56:9 TAG + NH4 | Lipids and lipid-like molecules | −0.22 | 9.49 × 10−7 |
| C58:11 TAG | Lipids and lipid-like molecules | −0.22 | 9.84 × 10−7 |
| C56:7 TAG + NH4 | Lipids and lipid-like molecules | −0.22 | 1.01 × 10−6 |
| C54:7 TAG | Lipids and lipid-like molecules | −0.22 | 1.02 × 10−6 |
| C9 carnitine | Lipids and lipid-like molecules | 0.22 | 1.28 × 10−6 |
| C18 carnitine | Lipids and lipid-like molecules | 0.22 | 1.60 × 10−6 |
| C38:4 PC plasmalogen | Lipids and lipid-like molecules | 0.22 | 1.67 × 10−6 |
| French fries | |||
| 1,2,4-trimethylbenzene | Benzenoids | 0.24 | 9.20 × 10−8 |
| C34:1 PC plasmalogen-B | Lipids and lipid-like molecules | 0.22 | 1.17 × 10−6 |
| High-fiber grains: dark bread, high-fiber cereal, brown rice | |||
| Cotinine | Organoheterocyclic compounds | −0.25 | 4.00 × 10−8 |
| Eggs | |||
| C38:4 PC plasmalogen | Lipids and lipid-like molecules | 0.23 | 2.09 × 10−7 |
| C26 carnitine | Lipids and lipid-like molecules | 0.22 | 5.90 × 10−7 |
| Oil | |||
| C14:0 CE | Lipids and lipid-like molecules | −0.25 | 1.57 × 10−8 |
| C16:1 CE | Lipids and lipid-like molecules | −0.24 | 6.87 × 10−8 |
| C14:0 CE + NH4 | Lipids and lipid-like molecules | −0.23 | 3.83 × 10−7 |
| C16:1 CE + NH4 | Lipids and lipid-like molecules | −0.22 | 1.22 × 10−6 |
| Gravy | |||
| C38:4 PC plasmalogen | Lipids and lipid-like molecules | 0.25 | 1.57 × 10−8 |
| C36:1 PE plasmalogen | Lipids and lipid-like molecules | 0.25 | 2.59 × 10−8 |
| C36:1 PC plasmalogen | Lipids and lipid-like molecules | 0.24 | 1.05 × 10−7 |
| C38:2 PE | Lipids and lipid-like molecules | 0.23 | 2.16 × 10−7 |
| C38:3 PE plasmalogen | Lipids and lipid-like molecules | 0.22 | 6.50 × 10−7 |
| C36:2 PC plasmalogen | Lipids and lipid-like molecules | 0.22 | 1.76 × 10−6 |
| C36:3 PE plasmalogen | Lipids and lipid-like molecules | 0.22 | 1.78 × 10−6 |
| Red meat | |||
| C34:5 PC plasmalogen | Lipids and lipid-like molecules | 0.34 | 2.13 × 10−14 |
| C38:3 PE plasmalogen | Lipids and lipid-like molecules | 0.32 | 1.04 × 10−12 |
| C36:2 PE plasmalogen | Lipids and lipid-like molecules | 0.30 | 1.17 × 10−11 |
| C36:3 PE plasmalogen | Lipids and lipid-like molecules | 0.27 | 1.61 × 10−9 |
| C34:2 PE plasmalogen | Lipids and lipid-like molecules | 0.27 | 2.55 × 10−9 |
| C38:5 PE plasmalogen | Lipids and lipid-like molecules | 0.26 | 3.74 × 10−9 |
| C36:1 PE plasmalogen | Lipids and lipid-like molecules | 0.26 | 4.90 × 10−9 |
| C38:4 PC plasmalogen | Lipids and lipid-like molecules | 0.25 | 4.03 × 10−8 |
| C36:4 PE plasmalogen | Lipids and lipid-like molecules | 0.22 | 6.27 × 10−7 |
| C36:5 PC plasmalogen | Lipids and lipid-like molecules | 0.22 | 9.63 × 10−7 |
| C34:3 PE plasmalogen | Lipids and lipid-like molecules | 0.22 | 1.02 × 10−6 |
| Processed meat: cold cuts, hot dogs, bacon, sausage | Lipids and lipid-like molecules | ||
| C36:2 PE plasmalogen | Lipids and lipid-like molecules | 0.25 | 2.10 × 10−8 |
| C38:3 PE plasmalogen | Lipids and lipid-like molecules | 0.25 | 4.79 × 10−8 |
| C38:4 PC plasmalogen | Lipids and lipid-like molecules | 0.24 | 5.85 × 10−8 |
| C36:3 PE plasmalogen | Lipids and lipid-like molecules | 0.24 | 9.37 × 10−8 |
| C36:1 PC plasmalogen | Lipids and lipid-like molecules | 0.23 | 1.81 × 10−7 |
| C36:4 PE plasmalogen | Lipids and lipid-like molecules | 0.23 | 2.14 × 10−7 |
| C34:2 PE plasmalogen | Lipids and lipid-like molecules | 0.22 | 8.57 × 10−7 |
| Chicken | |||
| C36:5 PE plasmalogen | Lipids and lipid-like molecules | 0.26 | 4.12 × 10−9 |
| Ectoine | 0.26 | 9.81 × 10−9 | |
| 1-methylhistidine | Organic acids and derivatives | 0.25 | 1.40 × 10−8 |
| C38:7 PC plasmalogen | Lipids and lipid-like molecules | 0.23 | 4.45 × 10−7 |
| 3-methylhistamine | Organonitrogen compounds | 0.22 | 7.11 × 10−7 |
| Fish (excluding shellfish) | |||
| C40:9 PC | Lipids and lipid-like molecules | 0.35 | 1.57 × 10−15 |
| C38:7 PC plasmalogen | Lipids and lipid-like molecules | 0.33 | 4.58 × 10−14 |
| C38:7 PE plasmalogen | Lipids and lipid-like molecules | 0.32 | 2.36 × 10−13 |
| C22:6 CE + NH4 | Lipids and lipid-like molecules | 0.32 | 3.42 × 10−13 |
| C60:12 TAG | Lipids and lipid-like molecules | 0.32 | 3.97 × 10−13 |
| C40:6 PC | Lipids and lipid-like molecules | 0.31 | 6.21 × 10−12 |
| C58:9 TAG + NH4 | Lipids and lipid-like molecules | 0.30 | 1.61 × 10−11 |
| C58:8 TAG | Lipids and lipid-like molecules | 0.29 | 5.56 × 10−11 |
| C58:9 TAG | Lipids and lipid-like molecules | 0.29 | 5.71 × 10−11 |
| C22:6 LPC | Lipids and lipid-like molecules | 0.29 | 1.47 × 10−10 |
| C36:5 PC plasmalogen-A | Lipids and lipid-like molecules | 0.28 | 2.80 × 10−10 |
| C56:8 TAG | Lipids and lipid-like molecules | 0.28 | 3.80 × 10−10 |
| C40:7 PE plasmalogen | Lipids and lipid-like molecules | 0.28 | 4.57 × 10−10 |
| C22:6 LPE | Lipids and lipid-like molecules | 0.28 | 5.68 × 10−10 |
| C38:6 PE | Lipids and lipid-like molecules | 0.28 | 5.81 × 10−10 |
| C58:8 TAG + NH4 | Lipids and lipid-like molecules | 0.27 | 1.19 × 10−9 |
| C58:10 TAG | Lipids and lipid-like molecules | 0.26 | 4.75 × 10−9 |
| C42:11 PE plasmalogen | Lipids and lipid-like molecules | 0.26 | 6.48 × 10−9 |
| C56:9 TAG | Lipids and lipid-like molecules | 0.25 | 2.06 × 10−8 |
| C40:10 PC | Lipids and lipid-like molecules | 0.25 | 3.07 × 10−8 |
| C60:12 TAG + NH4 | Lipids and lipid-like molecules | 0.25 | 3.24 × 10−8 |
| C58:10 TAG + NH4 | Lipids and lipid-like molecules | 0.25 | 3.52 × 10−8 |
| C58:11 TAG | Lipids and lipid-like molecules | 0.25 | 4.17 × 10−8 |
| C56:8 TAG + NH4 | Lipids and lipid-like molecules | 0.24 | 9.00 × 10−8 |
| C56:9 TAG + NH4 | Lipids and lipid-like molecules | 0.24 | 1.19 × 10−7 |
| C56:7 TAG + NH4 | Lipids and lipid-like molecules | 0.23 | 4.89 × 10−7 |
| Tea | |||
| N-acetylornithine-2 (putative) | 0.39 | 1.45 × 10−18 | |
| Beer | |||
| C24:0 SM | Lipids and lipid-like molecules | 0.22 | 1.55 × 10−6 |
| Total alcohol | |||
| C36:1 PS plasmalogen | Lipids and lipid-like molecules | 0.21 | 1.89 × 10−6 |
| Supplements | |||
| Pantothenic acid | Amino acids, peptides, and analogs | 0.46 | 3.1 × 10−27 |
| Thiamin | Organoheterocyclic compounds | 0.31 | 5.4 × 10−12 |
| 5-methyltetrahydrofolate | Organoheterocyclic compounds | 0.27 | 1.83 × 10−9 |
1
n = 491.
2
Abbreviations: CE, cholesterol ester; LPC, lysophosphatidylcholine; NH4, ammonium; PC, phosphatidylcholine; PE, phosphatidylethanolamine; PS, phosphatidylserine; SM, sphingomyelin; TAG, triacylglycerol.