Table 2.
Association between androgen deprivation therapy and cardiovascular events.
| Case | Person–years | Unadjusted HR (95% CI) | Adjusteda HR (95% CI) | Case | Person–years | Unadjusted HR (95% CI) | Adjustedb HR (95% CI) | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Diagnosed 2009 to 2015 |
Diagnosed 2012 to 2015 (additionally adjusted for stage and Gleason) |
|||||||||
| 1105 | 22590 | 1.00 (ref. cat.) | 1.00 (ref. cat.) | 511 | 10837 | 1.00 (ref. cat.) | 1.00 (ref. cat.) | |||
| Radical prostatectomy | 253 | 9350 | 0.61 (0.53,0.70) | 0.94 (0.81,1.1) | 104 | 3836 | 0.63 (0.51,0.78) | 0.98 (0.77,1.2) | ||
| Radiotherapy | 135 | 4450 | 0.68 (0.57,0.82) | 0.85 (0.71,1.0) | 53 | 1929 | 0.65 (0.49,0.86) | 0.82 (0.61,1.1) | ||
| ADT: | Any use | 2360 | 37180 | 1.4 (1.3,1.5) | 1.3 (1.2,1.4) | 1069 | 16562 | 1.5 (1.3,1.6) | 1.3 (1.1,1.5) | |
| 0–365 DDDs | 979 | 16495 | 1.2 (1.1,1.3) | 1.2 (1.1,1.3) | 493 | 8259 | 1.3 (1.1,1.5) | 1.2 (1.0,1.4) | ||
| 365+ DDDs | 1381 | 20685 | 1.6 (1.4,1.7) | 1.4 (1.2,1.5) | 576 | 8303 | 1.7 (1.5,2.0) | 1.6 (1.3,1.9) | ||
| GnRH: | Any use | 2075 | 33023 | 1.4 (1.3,1.5) | 1.3 (1.2,1.4) | 920 | 14575 | 1.4 (1.3,1.6) | 1.3 (1.1,1.6) | |
| 0–365 DDDs | 990 | 16606 | 1.2 (1.1,1.4) | 1.2 (1.1,1.3) | 487 | 8101 | 1.3 (1.2,1.5) | 1.3 (1.1,1.5) | ||
| 365+ DDDs | 1085 | 16417 | 1.6 (1.4,1.7) | 1.4 (1.2,1.5) | 433 | 6473 | 1.7 (1.4,1.9) | 1.6 (1.3,1.9) | ||
| Degarelix: | Any use | 71 | 726 | 2.0 (1.6,2.6) | 1.5 (1.2,1.9) | 64 | 657 | 2.1 (1.6,2.8) | 1.5 (0.99,2.2) | |
| 0–365 DDDs | 41 | 393 | 2.0 (1.5,2.7) | 1.5 (1.1,2.0) | 37 | 361 | 2.1 (1.5,2.9) | 1.3 (0.79,2.2) | ||
| 365+ DDDs | 30 | 333 | 2.0 (1.4,2.9) | 1.5 (1.1,2.2) | 27 | 296 | 2.2 (1.5,3.3) | 1.8 (1.1,3.1) | ||
| Bicalutamide: | Any use | 95 | 1711 | 1.2 (1.0,1.5) | 1.0 (0.82,1.3) | 37 | 620 | 1.4 (0.97,1.9) | 1.13 (0.77,1.7) | |
| 0–365 DDDs | 33 | 539 | 1.2 (0.9,1.8) | 1.1 (0.76,1.5) | 15 | 250 | 1.3 (0.76,2.1) | 0.97 (0.52,1.8) | ||
| 365+ DDDs | 62 | 1172 | 1.2 (0.9,1.6) | 0.99 (0.76,1.3) | 22 | 370 | 1.4 (0.93,2.2) | 1.3 (0.82,2.0) | ||
| Other antiandrogen: | Any use | 117 | 1659 | 1.5 (1.3,1.9) | 1.3 (1.1,1.6) | 47 | 697 | 1.5 (1.1,2.1) | 1.3 (0.85,1.9) | |
| 0–365 DDDs | 103 | 1520 | 1.5 (1.2,1.8) | 1.3 (1.0,1.6) | 42 | 667 | 1.4 (1.0,2.0) | 1.3 (0.82,1.9) | ||
| 365+ DDDs | 14 | 139 | 2.4 (1.4,4.1) | 1.6 (0.92,2.7) | 5 | 30 | 4.2 (1.7,10) | 3.0 (0.94,9.5) | ||
ADT, androgen deprivation therapy; GnRH, gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist;
Model contains year of diagnosis, age, deprivation, comorbidities in year before prostate cancer diagnosis (myocardial infarction, angina, cerebral vascular accident, heart failure, venous thromboembolism, arrhythmia, other cardiovascular disease, dementia, pulmonary disease, connective tissue disorder, peptic ulcer, liver disease, diabetes, diabetes complications, paraplegia, severe liver disease) and other medication use in the year before prostate cancer diagnosis (including separately aspirin, beta-blockers, ACEIs, ARBs, diuretics, statins, warfarin, digoxin, clopidogrel, dipyridamole, nitrate, insulin, sulfonylureas, metformin and other diabetic medications).
Adjusted models contain all terms in a as well as t stage, n stage, m stage and Gleason score.