Table 5.
Cross-sectional Regression Analyses Results of the Proposed Pathways
| Hypotheses | H1: EXP → BEH | H2: EXP → DN | H3: DN → BEH | H5: EXP → IC | H6: IC → DN | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| IVs╲DVs | E-cigarette Use | Norm Perceptions | E-cigarette Use | Interpersonal Conversations | Norm Perceptions | |||||
| N = 9,551 | N = 9,554 | N = 9,573 | N = 9,558 | N = 9,568 | ||||||
| OR (SE) | 95% CI | B (SE) | 95% CI | OR (SE) | 95% CI | B (SE) | 95% CI | B (SE) | 95% CI | |
| Media Scanning | 1.23 (0.05)*** | 1.14, 1.33 | 0.12 (0.01)*** | 0.09, 0.14 | 3.10 (0.10)*** | 2.91, 3.32 | ||||
| Interpersonal Conversations | 0.42 (0.03)*** | 0.37, 0.47 | ||||||||
| Norm Perceptions | 2.38 (0.12)*** | 2.16, 2.64 | ||||||||
| Age | 0.98 (0.02) | 0.95, 1.02 | 0.01 (0.00) | 0.00, 0.01 | 0.97 (0.02) | 0.94, 1.01 | 0.97 (0.02)* | 0.94, 1.00 | 0.01 (0.00) | 0.00, 0.01 |
| Gender (ref. = Female) | 1.34 (0.12)** | 1.13, 1.59 | −0.01 (0.02) | −0.04, 0.03 | 1.38 (0.13)** | 1.15, 1.65 | 1.00 (0.08) | 0.86, 1.17 | 0.00 (0.02) | −0.04, 0.03 |
| Race (ref. = White) | ||||||||||
| Hispanic | 0.93 (0.11) | 0.74, 1.17 | 0.13 (0.03)*** | 0.08, 0.18 | 0.82 (0.10) | 0.64, 1.04 | 0.69 (0.07)** | 0.56, 0.85 | 0.14 (0.03)*** | 0.09, 0.20 |
| Black | 0.54 (0.08)*** | 0.41, 0.73 | −0.01 (0.03) | −0.07, 0.05 | 0.55 (0.08)*** | 0.41, 0.73 | 0.56 (0.07)*** | 0.44, 0.72 | 0.01 (0.03) | −0.05, 0.07 |
| Other | 0.94 (0.13) | 0.71, 1.25 | 0.08 (0.03)* | 0.02, 0.14 | 0.87 (0.12) | 0.65, 1.14 | 0.94 (0.11) | 0.75, 1.17 | 0.08 (0.03)* | 0.02, 0.14 |
| Education | 1.04 (0.06) | 0.92, 1.17 | 0.01 (0.01) | −0.02, 0.03 | 1.07 (0.07) | 0.94, 1.21 | 1.06 (0.06) | 0.95, 1.19 | 0.01 (0.01) | −0.02, 0.03 |
| School Performance | 0.91 (0.05)† | 0.82, 1.00 | −0.06 (0.01)*** | −0.08, −0.03 | 0.93 (0.05) | 0.84, 1.04 | 1.05 (0.05) | 0.95, 1.16 | −0.06 (0.01)*** | −0.08, −0.03 |
| Sensation Seeking | 1.67 (0.16)*** | 1.38, 2.02 | 0.19 (0.02)*** | 0.15, 0.23 | 1.41 (0.13)*** | 1.17, 1.70 | 1.36 (0.11)*** | 1.16, 1.59 | 0.18 (0.02)*** | 0.14, 0.22 |
| Past-30-day Cigarette Use | 4.06 (0.42)*** | 3.31, 4.97 | 0.11 (0.03)** | 0.04, 0.17 | 4.19 (0.45)*** | 3.39, 5.18 | 1.40 (0.15)** | 1.13, 1.74 | 0.09 (0.03)** | 0.03, 0.15 |
| Parental Education | 1.00 (0.04) | 0.93, 1.07 | −0.04 (0.01)*** | −0.05, −0.02 | 1.04 (0.04) | 0.97, 1.12 | 1.01 (0.03) | 0.94, 1.07 | −0.04 (0.01)*** | −0.05, −0.02 |
| Live with a Vaper (ref. = no) | 2.41 (0.28)*** | 1.92, 3.04 | 0.34 (0.04)*** | 0.26, 0.42 | 1.92 (0.24)*** | 1.50, 2.46 | 1.77 (0.21)*** | 1.40, 2.23 | 0.31 (0.04)*** | 0.23, 0.39 |
| Household Rule (ref. = no) | 3.34 (0.31)*** | 2.78, 4.01 | 0.23 (0.03)*** | 0.18, 0.29 | 2.96 (0.28)*** | 2.46, 3.57 | 1.76 (0.17)*** | 1.46, 2.12 | 0.20 (0.03)*** | 0.15, 0.26 |
Note: EXP = breadth of media scanning; BEH = e-cigarette use behavior; IC = interpersonal conversations; DN = descriptive norm perceptions. All analyses are weighted.