Table 2.
Weighteda distribution of specific gravity corrected urinary metals concentrations (μg/L) (N=390 samples)
| Select Percentiles | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Analyte (μg/L) | LOD | % Above LOD | GM | GSD | 25th | 50th | 75th | 90th | 95th |
| As | 0.3 | 100% | 18.4 | 2.7 | 9.6 | 17.8 | 32.4 | 67.2 | 97.6 |
| Ba | 0.1 | 99% | 1.7 | 2.8 | 1.0 | 2.0 | 3.4 | 5.2 | 6.2 |
| Be | 0.04 | 8% | 0.02 | 2.8 | <LOD | <LOD | <LOD | <LOD | 0.05 |
| Cd | 0.06 | 44% | 0.1 | 3.0 | <LOD | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.3 | 0.5 |
| Cr | 0.4 | 15% | 0.2 | 3.1 | <LOD | <LOD | <LOD | 0.7 | 1.1 |
| Cu | 2.5 | 92% | 9.4 | 1.7 | 7.0 | 9.1 | 12.1 | 15.4 | 19.6 |
| Hg | 0.05 | 92% | 0.5 | 2.9 | 0.3 | 0.5 | 1.0 | 1.5 | 2.0 |
| Mn | 0.08 | 98% | 0.8 | 2.4 | 0.5 | 0.7 | 1.1 | 2.4 | 5.5 |
| Mo | 0.3 | 100% | 51.7 | 1.8 | 37.2 | 51.3 | 69.3 | 100.8 | 127.6 |
| Ni | 0.8 | 86% | 2.6 | 2.0 | 1.9 | 2.8 | 4.0 | 5.5 | 6.8 |
| Pb | 0.1 | 76% | 0.3 | 3.9 | 0.2 | 0.4 | 0.6 | 1.0 | 1.3 |
| Se | 5.0 | 99% | 37.4 | 1.4 | 30.2 | 37.2 | 45.9 | 56.9 | 66.4 |
| Sn | 0.1 | 94% | 0.7 | 2.9 | 0.4 | 0.6 | 1.2 | 2.7 | 4.9 |
| Tl | 0.02 | 84% | 0.1 | 2.5 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.3 |
| U | 0.01 | 12% | 0.0 | 3.1 | <LOD | <LOD | <LOD | 0.01 | 0.02 |
| W | 0.2 | 21% | 0.1 | 2.6 | <LOD | <LOD | <LOD | 0.4 | 0.5 |
| Zn | 2.0 | 100% | 226.9 | 2.1 | 148 | 246 | 366 | 542 | 653 |
Abbreviations: LOD (Limit of detection), GM (geometric mean), GSD (geometric standard deviation), As (Arsenic), Ba (Barium),
Be (Beryllium), Cd (Cadmium), Cr (Chromium), Cu (Copper), Hg (Total mercury), Mn (Manganese), Mo (Molybdenum), Ni (Nickel),
Pb (Lead), Se (Selenium), Sn (Tin), Tl (Thallium), U (Uranium), W (Tungsten), Zn (Zinc).
a
Weighted using inverse probability weighting to account for the sampling approach of the nested case-control sample