Table 2. Risk of All-Cause Mortality (Follow-up Until December 31, 2017) and Cause-Specific Mortality (Follow-up Until December 31, 2016) in Patients With Celiac Disease and Matched General Population Comparators.
| All-cause mortality | Cardiovascular disease | Cancer | Respiratory disease | Other cause of death | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Celiac disease | Comparators | Celiac disease | Comparators | Celiac disease | Comparators | Celiac disease | Comparators | Celiac disease | Comparators | |
| No. | 49 829 | 246 426 | 49 744 | 246 009 | 49 744 | 246 009 | 49 744 | 246 009 | 49 744 | 246 009 |
| Deaths, no (%) | 6596 (13.2) | 28 890 (11.7) | 2246 (4.5) | 10 892 (4.4) | 1736 (3.5) | 7117 (2.9) | 406 (0.8) | 1713 (0.7) | 1837 (3.7) | 7319 (3.0) |
| Follow-up y | ||||||||||
| Total | 678 990 | 3 377 760 | 636 806 | 3 169 268 | 636 806 | 3 169 268 | 636 806 | 3 169 268 | 636 806 | 3 169 268 |
| Mean (SD) | 13.6 (8.4) | 13.7 (8.4) | 12.8 (8.3) | 12.9 (8.3) | 12.8 (8.3) | 12.9 (8.3) | 12.8 (8.3) | 12.9 (8.3) | 12.8 (8.3) | 12.9 (8.3) |
| Median (IQR) | 12.5 (6.8-19.4) |
12.6 (6.8-19.6) |
11.6 (6.0-18.6) |
11.7 (6.0-18.7) |
11.6 (6.0-18.6) |
11.7 (6.0-18.7) |
11.6 (6.0-18.6) |
11.7 (6.0-18.7) |
11.6 (6.0-18.6) |
11.7 (6.0-18.7) |
| Incidence rate per 1000 person-years (95% CI) | 9.7 (9.5-9.9) |
8.6 (8.5-8.7) |
3.5 (3.4-3.7) |
3.4 (3.4-3.5) |
2.7 (2.6-2.9) |
2.2 (2.2-2.3) |
0.6 (0.6-0.7) |
0.5 (0.5-0.6) |
2.9 (2.8-3.0) |
2.3 (2.3-2.4) |
| HR (95% CI) | ||||||||||
| Conditioneda | 1.21 (1.17-1.25) | 1.08 (1.02-1.13) | 1.29 (1.22-1.36) | 1.21 (1.08-1.37) | 1.35 (1.28-1.43) | |||||
| Adjustedb | 1.14 (1.11-1.18) | 1.03 (0.98-1.08) | 1.22 (1.15-1.29) | 1.16 (1.03-1.32) | 1.23 (1.16-1.31) | |||||
Abbreviations: HR, hazard ratio; IQR, interquartile range.
a
Indicates conditioned on matching set (age, sex, county, and calendar period).
b
Indicates conditioned on matching set and further adjusted for education, Nordic country of birth, and time-dependent medical comorbidities (type 1 diabetes, autoimmune thyroid disease, rheumatoid arthritis, and inflammatory bowel disease).