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. 2020 Feb 25;9(3):193. doi: 10.3390/antiox9030193

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© 2020 by the authors.

Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

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NRF2 regulation by KEAP1. Under basal conditions, NRF2 is constantly ubiquitinated through KEAP1 and degraded in the proteasome in cytosol. Under stress conditions, KEAP1-NRF2 interaction is stopped and free NRF2 translocates into nucleus. Then, NRF2 forms heterodimers with sMaf and binds to ARE sites within regulatory sites of antioxidant and detoxification genes. ARE, antioxidant response element; KEAP1, Kelch-like ECH-associated protein1; NRF2, nuclear erythroid-2 like factor-2; Retinoic X receptor alpha sMafs, small musculoaponeurotic fibrosarcoma oncogene family.