Table 1.

Selected list of NRF2 target genes.

Gene	Coded Protein	Functional Category	Biological Role	Ref.
GCLC	Glutamate-Cysteine Ligase Catalytic Subunit	GSH Synthesis & Regeneration	GSH Synthesis	[51]
GCLM	Glutamate-Cysteine Ligase Modulatory Subunit	GSH Synthesis & Regeneration	GSH Synthesis	[51]
GSR1	Glutathione Reductase 1	GSH Synthesis & Regeneration	GSH Regeneration	[51]
SLC7A11	xCT, Light Subunit of Xc-Antiporter	GSH Synthesis & Regeneration	Cystine Uptake	[51]
PHGDH	Phosphoglycerate Dehydrogenase	GSH Synthesis & Regeneration	Serine/Glycine Synthesis	[21]
PSAT1	Phosphoserine Aminotransferase 1	GSH Synthesis & Regeneration	Serine/Glycine Synthesis	[21]
PSPH	Phosphoserine Phosphatase	GSH Synthesis & Regeneration	Serine/Glycine Synthesis	[21]
SHMT 1,2	Serine Hydroxymethyltransferase 1,2	GSH Synthesis & Regeneration	Serine/Glycine Synthesis	[21]
GPX1,2,4	Glutathione Peroxidase 1,2,4	ROS & Phase-II Xenobiotic Detoxification	ROS Scavenging	[21,51]
PRDX1,6	Peroxiredoxin 1,6	ROS & Phase-II Xenobiotic Detoxification	ROS Scavenging	[52]
TXN1	Thioredoxin 1	Thioredoxin-linked Antioxidant Role	Reduction of Sulfenylated-Proteins	[51]
TXNRD1	Thioredoxin Reductase-1	Thioredoxin-linked Antioxidant Role	Reduction of Thioredoxin	[51]
NQO1	NAD(P)H dehydrogenase Quinone 1	ROS & Phase-I Xenobiotic Detoxification	Reduction of quinones	[51,53]
AKR1B1	Aldo-Keto Reductase Family 1 Member B1	Phase-I Xenobiotic Detoxification	Reduction of aldehydes and ketones	[52]
AKR1B10	Aldo-Keto Reductase Family 1 Member B10	Phase-I Xenobiotic Detoxification	Reduction of aldehydes and ketones	[52]
AKR1C1	Aldo-Keto Reductase Family 1 Member C1	Phase-I Xenobiotic Detoxification	Reduction of aldehydes and ketones	[52]
ALDH1A1	Aldehyde Dehydrogenase 1 Family Member A1	Phase-I Xenobiotic Detoxification	Conversion of aldehydes to carboxylic acids	[54,55]
ALDH3A1	Aldehyde Dehydrogenase 3 Family Member A1	Phase-I Xenobiotic Detoxification	Conversion of aldehydes to carboxylic acids	[52]
GSTA 1,2,3,5	Glutathione-S Transferase A1,2,3,5	ROS & Phase-II Xenobiotic Detoxification	Conjugation of Glutathione to electrophiles	[51]
GSTM 1,2,3	Glutathione-S Transferase M1,2,3	ROS & Phase-II Xenobiotic Detoxification	Conjugation of Glutathione to electrophiles	[51]
UGT1A1,5	UDP Glucuronosyltransferase 1 A1,5	Phase-II Xenobiotic Detoxification	Conjugation of Glucuronic acid to electrophiles	[52]
ABCC1	ATP Binding Cassette Subfamily C Member 1/Multidrug resistance associated protein 1 (MRP1)	Phase-III Xenobiotic Detoxification	Transmembrane translocation of xenobiotics	[56]
ABCG2	ATP Binding Cassette Subfamily G Member 2	Phase-III Xenobiotic Detoxification	Transmembrane xenobiotic transporter	[57]
ABCB6	ATP Binding Cassette Subfamily B Member 6	Phase-III Xenobiotic Detoxification/Heme Synthesis	Transmembrane transport of xenobiotics and porphyrins	[52]
ABCC2	ATP Binding Cassette Subfamily C Member 2	Phase-III Xenobiotic Detoxification	Transmembrane transport of xenobiotics	[52]
SRXN1	Sulfiredoxin-1	Thioredoxin-linked Antioxidant Role	Reduction of Sulfinylated-Peroxiredoxins	[51]
G6PD	Glucose-6-Phosphate Dehydrogenase	NADPH Generation	Pentose Phosphate Pathway/Glucose to Glucose 6-Phosphate Conversion	[53]
PGD	6-Phosphogluconate Dehydrogenase	NADPH Generation	Pentose Phosphate Pathway/6-Phosphogluconate to Ribulose 5-Phosphate Conversion	[53]
ME1	Malic Enzyme 1	NADPH Generation	Malate to Pyruvate Conversion	[53]
IDH1	Isocitrate Dehydrogenase 1	NADPH Generation	Isocitrate to α-Ketoglutarate Conversion/TCA Cycle	[53]
TKT	Transketolase	NADPH Generation	Pentose Phosphate Pathway/Conversion of Xylulose 5-Phosphate and Ribose 5-Phosphate into Glyceraldehyde 3-Phosphate and Sedoheptulose 7-Phosphate	[53]
TALDO1	TransAldolase 1	NADPH Generation	Pentose Phosphate Pathway/Conversion of Glyceraldehyde 3-Phosphate and Sedoheptulose 7-Phosphate into Erythrose 4-Phosphate and Fructose 4-Phosphate	[53]
MTHFD2	Methylenetetrahydrofolate Dehydrogenase 2	NADPH Generation	Serine/Glycine Metabolism	[53]
MTHFDL1	Methylenetetrahydrofolate Dehydrogenase 1-like	NADPH Generation	Mitochondrial Tetrahydrofolate Synthesis	[58]
HMOX1	Heme Oxygenase 1	Heme & Iron Metabolism	Heme to Biliverdin Conversion	[51]
FTL	Ferritin Light Chain	Heme & Iron Metabolism	Iron Storage	[51]