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. 2020 Mar 19;21(6):2098. doi: 10.3390/ijms21062098

Figure 1.

Figure 1

Morphological and physiological parameter changes of bread wheat cultivar Zhongmai 175 under control, water-deficit, high-nitrogen (N) fertilization, and combined treatments. (A) The field performance of wheat from different treatment groups at 25 days post-anthesis (DPA). (B) The performance of spikes and flag leaves. (C–H) Physiological parameter changes. CK: control treatment with regular watering and N fertilization; WD: water deficit treatment with no watering and regular N fertilization; HN: high-N treatment with regular watering and high-N fertilization; WD+HN: combined treatment with no watering and high-N fertilization; MDA, malondialdehyde; Pn, net photosynthesis efficiency; POD, peroxidase. Significant differences compared to the control were calculated based on independent Student’s t-tests: * p < 0.05; ** p < 0.01.