. 2020 Mar 20;9(3):252. doi: 10.3390/antiox9030252

Table 3.

Nitrate and mineral content of coriander, kohlrabi and pak choi substrates grown on natural fiber and synthetic substrates under a controlled environment. All data are expressed as mean ± standard error, n = 3.

Source of Variance	Nitrate (mg kg⁻¹ fw)	P (g kg⁻¹ dw)	K (g kg⁻¹ dw)	Ca (g kg⁻¹ dw)	Mg (g kg⁻¹ dw)	S (g kg⁻¹ dw)	Na (g kg⁻¹ dw)
Microgreens species (M)
Coriander	398.5 ± 80.0^c	4.14 ± 0.25^b	15.60 ± 0.77^b	6.46 ± 1.26^c	4.27 ± 0.21	0.98 ± 0.17^c	0.48 ± 0.10^c
Kohlrabi	500.1 ± 59.6^b	3.93 ± 0.18^b	10.88 ± 0.69^c	12.98 ± 1.21^a	4.25 ± 0.21	3.10 ± 0.22^b	1.78 ± 0.37^b
Pak choi	601.6 ± 52.9^a	4.92 ± 0.29^a	21.20 ± 1.31^a	9.58 ± 0.73^b	4.22 ± 0.11	4.03 ± 0.52^a	2.68 ± 0.47^a
Substrate (S)
Agave fiber	361.3 ± 48.5^c	4.68 ± 0.32^a	13.69 ± 1.52^c	8.04 ± 1.15^c	4.51 ± 0.19^b	2.23 ± 0.37^bc	0.44 ± 0.09^d
Capillary mat	324.3 ± 52.7^c	3.95 ± 0.38^bc	16.32 ± 1.94^b	6.12 ± 0.71^d	3.45 ± 0.16^d	2.64 ± 0.52^b	3.16 ± 0.66^a
Cellulose sponge	396.1 ± 60.7^c	3.70 ± 0.27^c	11.97 ± 1.29^c	9.43 ± 1.29^b	3.93 ± 0.14^c	1.82 ± 0.36^c	0.64 ± 0.14^d
Coconut fiber	530.5 ± 71.3^b	4.82 ± 0.20^a	19.06 ± 2.21^a	7.70 ± 0.89^c	4.42 ± 0.08^b	2.07 ± 0.38^c	1.25 ± 0.28^c
Peat moss	888.0 ± 31.8^a	4.49 ± 0.41^ab	18.43 ± 1.41^a	17.07 ± 1.16^a	4.92 ± 0.22^a	4.77 ± 0.80^a	2.75 ± 0.53^b
M × S
Coriander × Agave fiber	236.8 ± 25.2^ef	5.17 ± 0.92^ab	15.62 ± 1.50^efg	3.94 ± 0.29^h	4.26 ± 0.49^cde	0.80 ± 0.10^d	0.17 ± 0.01^g
Coriander × Capillary mat	186.5 ± 43.2^f	3.53 ± 0.22^cd	13.82 ± 1.07^efg	3.58 ± 0.42^h	3.61 ± 0.12^f	0.81 ± 0.09^d	0.69 ± 0.03^def
Coriander × Cellulose sponge	255.4 ± 15.9^ef	3.20 ± 0.06^cd	12.18 ± 0.19^gh	4.39 ± 0.10^h	3.70 ± 0.09^ef	0.48 ± 0.05^d	0.14 ± 0.00^g
Coriander × Coconut fiber	333.1 ± 49.0^def	4.65 ± 0.24^abc	16.77 ± 1.03^def	4.58 ± 0.31^h	4.27 ± 0.17^cde	0.62 ± 0.04^d	0.33 ± 0.02^fg
Coriander × Peat moss	980.6 ± 37.2^a	4.15 ± 0.11^bcd	19.61 ± 0.60^cd	15.80 ± 0.68^b	5.53 ± 0.19^a	2.19 ± 0.09^c	1.09 ± 0.04^de
Kohlrabi × Agave fiber	301.3 ± 6.3^ef	4.53 ± 0.20^abc	8.03 ± 0.26i	11.79 ± 0.25^de	4.87 ± 0.16^abc	2.71 ± 0.08^c	0.36 ± 0.02efg
Kohlrabi × Capillary mat	276.4 ± 4.6^ef	3.06 ± 0.13^d	11.54 ± 0.48^hi	8.31 ± 0.30^f	2.89 ± 0.08^g	2.79 ± 0.11^c	4.01 ± 0.34^b
Kohlrabi × Cellulose sponge	399.8 ± 15.6^cde	3.95 ± 0.30^bcd	7.99 ± 0.36ⁱ	12.84 ± 0.21^cd	3.90 ± 0.05^def	2.67 ± 0.19^c	0.71 ± 0.10^defg
Kohlrabi × Coconut fiber	729.0 ± 64.9^b	4.64 ± 0.10^abc	13.07 ± 0.83^fgh	10.60 ± 0.23^e	4.49 ± 0.11^bcd	2.63 ± 0.20^c	1.21 ± 0.14^d
Kohlrabi × Peat moss	793.8 ± 24.8^ab	3.46 ± 0.12^cd	13.76 ± 0.56^efg	21.35 ± 1.12^a	5.08 ± 0.07^ab	4.71 ± 0.09^b	2.59 ± 0.06^c
Pak choi × Agave fiber	545.8 ± 31.6^c	4.32 ± 0.36^bcd	17.43 ± 0.64^de	8.37 ± 0.45^f	4.39 ± 0.21^cde	3.17 ± 0.26^c	0.78 ± 0.05^defg
Pak choi × Capillary mat	509.9 ± 59.6^cd	5.28 ± 0.52^ab	23.59 ± 1.70^b	6.49 ± 0.11^g	3.83 ± 0.22^def	4.31 ± 0.34^b	4.79 ± 0.55^a
Pak choi × Cellulose sponge	533.0 ± 156.4^c	3.96 ± 0.77^bcd	15.74 ± 2.19^efg	11.06 ± 0.15^e	4.19 ± 0.39^cde	2.32 ± 0.36^c	1.07 ± 0.08^def
Pak choi × Coconut fiber	529.5 ± 123.2^c	5.19 ± 0.54^ab	27.33 ± 1.40^a	7.92 ± 0.56^f	4.52 ± 0.14^bcd	2.95 ± 0.24^c	2.22 ± 0.21^c
Pak choi × Peat moss	889.6 ± 37.4^ab	5.85 ± 0.69^a	21.91 ± 2.39^bc	14.08 ± 0.15^c	4.16 ± 0.24^cde	7.41 ± 0.93^a	4.56 ± 0.54^ab
Significance
Microgreens species (M)	***	***	***	***	ns	***	***
Substrate (S)	***	**	***	***	***	***	***
M × S	***	**	**	***	***	***	***

ns, **, *** Nonsignificant or significant at p ≤ 0.01, and 0.001, respectively. Different superscript letters (a–i) within each column indicate significant differences according to Duncan’s multiple-range test (p = 0.05).