Figure 4.

Schematic diagram of microautophagy in yeast and plants. Microautophagy may occur by vacuolar membrane invagination, which increases, creating the autophagic tube in yeast, and the cargo is enclosed inside the vacuole, forming a vesicle surrounded by a single two-layer membrane—an autophagic body. The occurrence of the autophagic tube in plants has not been confirmed. The autophagic body may also be formed by an arm-shaped protrusion of the tonoplast capturing a cargo into the vacuole.