Table 3.
Characteristics of the 1:1 Propensity Score Matched (Sensitivity Analysis) Rivaroxaban and Warfarin Cohorts
| RivaroxabanN = 2068% | WarfarinN = 2068% | Absolute Standardized Difference | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Demographics | |||
| Age, median (25, 75% range) | 50 (39, 62) | 51 (40, 64) | – |
| Age 18–49 years | 46.32 | 48.21 | 0.04 |
| Age 50–64 years | 30.03 | 30.32 | 0.01 |
| Age 65–74 years | 13.10 | 12.28 | 0.03 |
| Age 75–79 years | 4.59 | 3.77 | 0.04 |
| Age ≥ 80 years | 5.95 | 5.42 | 0.02 |
| Female sex | 56.19 | 55.66 | 0.01 |
| Pulmonary embolism (±deep vein thrombosis) | 18.09 | 17.89 | 0.01 |
| Comorbidities | |||
| Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease | 8.37 | 7.98 | 0.01 |
| Asthma | 13.25 | 13.10 | 0.00 |
| Heart Failure | 4.84 | 4.93 | 0.00 |
| Hypertension | 52.80 | 51.45 | 0.27 |
| Ischemic stroke or transient ischemic attack | 2.95 | 2.85 | 0.01 |
| Diabetes | 21.13 | 21.03 | 0.00 |
| Dementia | 2.18 | 2.03 | 0.01 |
| Coronary artery disease | 0.68 | 0.87 | 0.02 |
| Carotid stenosis | 0.63 | 0.53 | 0.01 |
| Peripheral vascular disease | 5.51 | 5.42 | 0.00 |
| Myocardial infarction | 5.08 | 4.59 | 0.02 |
| Percutaneous coronary intervention | 3.34 | 3.13 | 0.01 |
| Coronary artery bypass grafting | 1.93 | 2.18 | 0.02 |
| Gastrointestinal bleed | 0.24 | 0.29 | 0.01 |
| Intracranial hemorrhage | 0.00 | 0.00 | NA |
| Acute kidney injury | 10.06 | 9.38 | 0.02 |
| Other kidney injury | 0.24 | 0.24 | 0.00 |
| Inflammatory bowel disease | 0.77 | 0.82 | 0.01 |
| eGFR > 90 mL/minute | 55.42 | 58.32 | 0.06 |
| eGFR 60–89 mL/minute | 0.48 | 0.73 | 0.03 |
| eGFR 30-59 mL/minute | 31.09 | 28.97 | 0.05 |
| eGFR 15–29 mL/minute | 10.88 | 10.06 | 0.03 |
| eGFR < 15 mL/minute | 1.21 | 1.11 | 0.01 |
| eGFR unknown | 0.77 | 0.68 | 0.01 |
| Liver disease | 1.50 | 1.93 | 0.03 |
| Coagulopathy | 3.00 | 3.00 | 0.00 |
| Gastroesophageal reflux disease | 18.76 | 18.96 | 0.00 |
| Anemia | 24.13 | 23.55 | 0.01 |
| Sleep apnea | 10.20 | 10.64 | 0.01 |
| Smoking | 28.77 | 28.19 | 0.01 |
| Hemorrhoids | 2.22 | 2.37 | 0.01 |
| Alcohol abuse | 0.34 | 0.34 | 0.00 |
| Anxiety | 12.28 | 14.02 | 0.05 |
| Depression | 1.69 | 1.60 | 0.01 |
| Psychosis | 1.50 | 1.16 | 0.03 |
| BMI < 18.5 kg/m2 | 1.60 | 1.74 | 0.01 |
| BMI 18.5–24.9 kg/m2 | 15.43 | 14.46 | 0.03 |
| BMI 25.0–29.9 kg/m2 | 24.71 | 25.29 | 0.01 |
| BMI 30.0–34.9 kg/m2 | 23.26 | 23.79 | 0.01 |
| BMI 35.0–39.9 kg/m2 | 14.70 | 15.47 | 0.02 |
| BMI ≥40 kg/m2 | 19.15 | 17.65 | 0.04 |
| BMI unknown | 1.16 | 1.60 | 0.03 |
| Rheumatoid arthritis | 5.80 | 6.53 | 0.03 |
| Osteoarthritis | 18.86 | 18.23 | 0.02 |
| Headache | 10.15 | 10.59 | 0.01 |
| Diverticulitis | 3.72 | 3.77 | 0.00 |
| H. pylori treatment | 0.39 | 0.34 | 0.01 |
| Hypothyroidism | 0.87 | 0.87 | 0.00 |
| Solid tumor | 9.72 | 8.90 | 0.03 |
| Metastatic cancer | 3.72 | 3.29 | 0.02 |
| Major surgery | 10.11 | 10.01 | 0.00 |
| Varicose veins | 1.26 | 1.35 | 0.01 |
| Comedications | |||
| Aspirin | 22.10 | 21.47 | 0.02 |
| P2Y12 platelet inhibitor | 2.90 | 2.80 | 0.01 |
| Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug | 31.33 | 33.95 | 0.05 |
| Celecoxib | 1.02 | 1.35 | 0.03 |
| Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor or receptor blocker | 30.66 | 29.21 | 0.03 |
| Beta-blocker | 22.44 | 21.52 | 0.02 |
| Diltiazem | 1.55 | 1.69 | 0.01 |
| Verapamil | 0.87 | 0.87 | 0.00 |
| Dihydropyridine calcium channel blocker | 20.31 | 19.44 | 0.02 |
| Loop diuretic | 10.69 | 9.91 | 0.03 |
| Thiazide | 21.08 | 20.45 | 0.02 |
| Digoxin | 0.44 | 0.39 | 0.01 |
| Statin | 23.02 | 21.66 | 0.03 |
| Other cholesterol medication | 2.13 | 1.98 | 0.01 |
| Metformin | 11.41 | 11.17 | 0.01 |
| Sulfonylurea or glinides | 4.64 | 4.30 | 0.02 |
| Thiazolidinediones | 0.34 | 0.53 | 0.03 |
| Dipeptidyl peptidase 4 inhibitors | 1.35 | 1.64 | 0.02 |
| Glucagon-like peptide-1 agonist | 0.29 | 0.44 | 0.02 |
| Insulin | 7.54 | 7.06 | 0.02 |
| Selective serotonin reuptake or serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor | 10.88 | 10.74 | 0.00 |
| Other antidepressants | 8.95 | 8.80 | 0.01 |
| Proton pump inhibitors | 21.23 | 21.03 | 0.00 |
| Histamin-2 receptor antagonist | 9.14 | 8.46 | 0.02 |
| Systemic corticosteroids | 18.13 | 18.09 | 0.00 |
| Alpha-glucosidase inhibitor | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 |
| Hypnotic medication | 3.68 | 4.01 | 0.02 |
| Sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitor | 0.15 | 0.19 | 0.01 |