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. 2020 Feb 28;9(3):563. doi: 10.3390/cells9030563

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© 2020 by the authors.

Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

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Strategies for the application of stem cell therapy in the treatment of cancer. (1) HSC transplantation has been used for the reconstitution of blood-forming cells and leukocytes after heavy chemotherapy or radiotherapy. (2) ESCs and iPSCs can be used for the production of effector immune cells that are then CAR constructed for adoptive cell transfer technology. In addition, ESCs and iPSCs can be potential sources for the production of anti-cancer vaccines. (3) MSCs/NSCs are effective to deliver genes, NPs, and OVs to tumor niche due to their intrinsic tumor tropism. In addition, exosomes extracted from the culture of drug-priming MSCs/NSCs can be used to target the drugs to tumor sites. Moreover, MSCs are capable of reducing GVHD in HSC transplantation.