Table 2.
Selected clinical trials of using stem cells as therapeutic carriers to treat cancers.
| Stem Cell Therapy | Drug(s) | Tumor Type | Phase | Trial Number |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CD-expressing NSCs | 5-FC | Recurrent high-grade gliomas | Phase I, completed | NCT01172964 |
| HSV-TK-expressing MSCs | Ganciclovir | Advanced, recurrent or metastatic gastrointestinal adenocarcinoma | Phase I/II, completed | EudraCT 2012-003741-15 |
| CD-expressing NSCs | 5-FC and leucovorin | Recurrent high-grade gliomas | Phase I, ongoing | NCT02015819 |
| INF-β-expressing MSCs | - | Ovarian cancer | Phase I, completed | NCT02530047 |
| TRAIL-expressing MSCs | - | Adenocarcinoma of lung | Phase I/II, recruiting | NCT03298763 |
| ICOVIR5-infected MSCs | - | Metastatic and refractory solid tumors | Phase I/II, completed | NCT01844661 |
| OMV-infected MSCs | - | Recurrent ovarian cancer | Phase I/II, recruiting | NCT02068794 |
| Ad5-DNX-2401-infected MSCs | - | Recurrent high-grade glioma | Phase I, recruiting | NCT03896568 |