Table 2.
Baseline characteristics by exposure level (no exposure, exposed to ACT, exposed to quinine), ASAP cohort, 2015
| Characteristic | No anti-malarial use in first trimester | Confirmed ACT use in first trimester | Confirmed quinine use in first trimester | All pregnancies |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| N (%) | N (%) | N (%) | N (%) | |
| Total | 1797 (100) | 92 (100) | 26 (100) | 1915 (100) |
| Country | ||||
| Burkina Faso | 603 (33.6) | 31 (33.7) | 22 (84.6) | 656 (34.3) |
| Mozambique | 643 (35.8) | 22 (23.9) | 4 (15.4) | 669 (34.9) |
| Kenya | 551 (30.7) | 39 (42.4) | 0 (0.0) | 590 (30.8) |
| Age at recruitment (years) | ||||
| Range | 12.4–49.0 | 15.0–45.0 | 17.0–36.0 | 12.4–49.0 |
| Mean (SD) | 25.7 (6.55) | 25.6 (6.63) | 24.7 (6.04) | 25.6 (6.54) |
| < 20 | 394 (21.9) | 17 (18.5) | 7 (26.9) | 418 (21.8) |
| 20–24 | 465 (25.9) | 30 (32.6) | 7 (26.9) | 502 (26.2) |
| 25–29 | 444 (24.7) | 19 (20.7) | 7 (26.9) | 470 (24.5) |
| 30+ | 494 (27.5) | 26 (28.3) | 5 (19.2) | 525 (27.4) |
| Gravidity | ||||
| Primigravida | 378 (21.0) | 23 (25.0) | 8 (30.8) | 409 (21.4) |
| 1–3 pregnancies | 943 (52.5) | 45 (48.9) | 11 (42.3) | 999 (52.2) |
| 4 or more pregnancies | 473 (26.3) | 24 (26.1) | 7 (26.9) | 504 (26.3) |
| Missing | 3 (0.2) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 3 (0.2) |
| Marital status | ||||
| Single | 354 (19.7) | 20 (21.7) | 0 (0.0) | 374 (19.5) |
| Married or cohabiting | 1442 (80.2) | 72 (78.3) | 26 (100.0) | 1540 (80.4) |
| Missing | 1 (0.1) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 1 (0.1) |
| Education | ||||
| Primary not completed | 348 (19.4) | 16 (17.4) | 0 (0.0) | 364 (19.0) |
| Primary completed | 1176 (65.4) | 62 (67.4) | 24 (92.3) | 1262 (65.9) |
| Secondary completed | 271 (15.1) | 14 (15.2) | 2 (7.7) | 287 (15.0) |
| Missing | 2 (0.1) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 2 (0.1) |
| HIV status | ||||
| Negative | 1427 (79.4) | 70 (76.1) | 23 (88.5) | 1520 (79.4) |
| Positive | 279 (15.5) | 13 (14.1) | 1 (3.8) | 293 (15.3) |
| Missing | 91 (5.1) | 9 (9.8) | 2 (7.7) | 102 (5.3) |
| Gestational age at recruitment (weeks) | ||||
| Mean (SD) | 21.3 (7.39) | 18.8 (8.72) | 16.8 (5.56) | 21.2 (7.88) |
| Gestational age at delivery (weeks) | ||||
| Mean (SD) | 38.9 (1.80) | 39.0 (1.77) | 38.8 (1.65) | 38.9 (1.79) |
SD standard deviation