Table 4.

Adjusted associations for low birth weight and small for gestational age

	Prevalence-ratio (95% CIc)
	Unadjusteda	p-value	Adjustedb	p-value
LBW
Birth weights measured within 24 h of birth (N)	1543		1533
No exposure	1 (reference)		1 (reference)
Artemisinin	0.80 (0.31; 1.62)	0.575	0.91 (0.36; 1.81)	0.809
Quinine	1.95 (0.87; 3.42)	0.099	2.17 (1.00; 3.65)	0.049
Birth weights measured within 7 days of birth (N)	1915		1905
No exposure	1 (reference)		1 (reference)
Artemisinin	1.08 (0.55; 1.85)	0.806	1.19 (0.61; 2.00)	0.579
Quinine	1.87 (0.85; 3.27)	0.109	2.13 (0.98; 3.59)	0.055
Quinine vs artemisinin
Artemisinin	1 (reference)		1 (reference)
Quinine with no Kenya data (N = 79)	2.03 (0.73; 5.86)	0.172	1.70 (0.60; 5.17)	0.321
Quinine with Kenya data (N = 118)	3.18 (1.02; 11.56)	0.047	1.93 (0.72; 5.68)	0.188
SGA
Birth weights measured within 24 h of birth (N)	1520		1514
No exposure	1 (reference)		1 (reference)
Artemisinin	0.76 (0.37; 1.31)	0.363	0.83 (0.41; 1.42)	0.516
Quinine	1.31 (0.54; 2.43)	0.495	1.19 (0.50; 2.17)	0.660
Birth weights measured within 7 days of birth (N)	1888		1882
No exposure	1 (reference)		1 (reference)
Artemisinin	0.81 (0.43; 1.31)	0.417	0.78 (0.43; 1.25)	0.337
Quinine	1.29 (0.55; 2.40)	0.514	1.11 (0.47; 2.02)	0.789
Quinine vs artemisinin
Artemisinin confirmed	1 (reference)		1 (reference)
Quinine confirmed with no Kenya data (N = 78)	13.75 (2.16; 409.72)	0.003	13.11 (1.82; 441.93)	0.004
Quinine confirmed with Kenya data (N = 116)	14.44 (2.18; 400.29)	0.004	12.04 (1.84; 330.23)	0.008

LBW low birth weight, SGA small for gestational age

^aUnadjusted regression includes dummy indicators for site

^bAdjusted for site, age at recruitment, gravidity, marital status and education level

^c95%CI—95% credible interval based on § posterior distribution replication