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. 2020 Mar 11;9(3):690. doi: 10.3390/cells9030690

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© 2020 by the authors.

Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

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High similarity between self- and foreign peptides hampers their discrimination by the immune system. (A) the peptide AIS, in which TCRs bind to peptides on MHC-I (HLA-A2:01) focusing on the six residues at positions 3–8; (B) concordance for self versus foreign peptides (left) compared to that for English versus other languages (right). Language concordances from Figure 4F are included for comparison; (C) graph of HIV peptides and their neighbors. Edges connect peptides that have at least 5/million pre-selection TCRs in common; (D) percentage of HIV-peptides among the 10% most frequently recognized peptides after negative selection (mean ± SD of 30 simulations); (E) mean ± SEM percentage surviving TCRs for self and HIV peptides after negative selection.