Table 1.

Summary of significant phase-III studies regarding chemotherapy for cholangiocarcinoma, in an adjuvant setting (A) and metastatic disease (M).

Study	Chemotherapy Regimen	Setting	Outcome	Reference
ESPAC-3	5-Fluoruracile versus gemcitabine	A	Better toxicity profile for gemcitabine	[10]
PRODIGE12-ACCORD18	GEMOX versus observation	A	RFS: No significant differences	[13]
BCAT	Gemcitabine versus observation	A	No significant differences	[14]
BILCAP	capecitabine versus observation	A	mOS: 51.1 months vs 36.4 months	[15]
ACTICCA-1	Capecitabine versus cisplatin/gemcitabine	A	ongoing	[16]
AC-02	Cisplatin/gemcitabine versus gemcitabine	M	mOS: 11.7 vs. 8.1 months	[18]
Phase III trial	GEMOX versus GEMOX plus erlotinib	M	mPFS: no differences	[21]
NuTide	Acelarin/cisplatin versus gemcitabine/cisplatin	M	ongoing	NCT04163900
ABC-06	FOLFOX versus ASC	M	Survival rate at 6 months: 50.6% vs 35.5%	[32]
TreeTopp	capecitabine versus capecitabin/Varlitinib	M	Ongoing	NCT03093870

GEMOX: Gemcitabine/oxaliplatin; FOLFOX: fluoruracile/oxaliplatin; ASC: active symptom control.