Table 3.

Clinical studies with silymarin in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease or non-alcoholic steatohepatitis

References	Condition (n)	n	Treatment (n)	Duration	Outcome
Butorova et al. [82]	NAFLD (20) or NASH (50)	70	Silymarina 420 mg/day (35) Nonpharmacological therapy (35)	2 months	↓ in transaminases and lipid parameters, and improvement in subjective well-being vs. control
Gillessen et al. [92]	NAFLD	190	Silymarina 280–420 mg/day (190)	4 months	Improvement in liver function parameters and quality of life vs. baseline
Sorrentino et al. [83]	NAFLD and metabolic syndrome	78	Silymarina 420 mg/day + vitamin E (43) No additional treatment (35)	90 days	Improvement in biometric parameters (↓ in abdominal circumference, BMI), size of right liver lobe by ultrasound measurement, and in both the HSI and LAP indices
Wah Keong et al. [79]	NASH	99	Silymarina 2100 mg/day (49) Placebo (50)	48 weeks	Improvement in liver histology, noninvasive markers of hepatic fibrosis, and liver function parameters vs. baseline with silymarin, but not with placebo

BMI body mass index, HSI hepatic steatosis index, LAP lipid accumulation product, NAFLD non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, NASH non-alcoholic steatohepatitis

^aSilymarin formulation using the Eurosil 85^® process