Figure 3.

The picket fence model in animals and possible revision of the model in plants. A, Picket fence model for plasma membrane compartmentalization in animal cells, with a prominent influence of cortical actin as a membrane skeleton (Kusumi et al., 2012). B, The picket fence model in plants is likely to involve both intra- (actin and microtubules) and extracellular (cell wall) skeletons (i.e. fences), which may explain the limited diffusion of plasma membrane proteins. Lines with arrowheads represent examples of diffusion trajectories of the respective plasma membrane proteins.