Table 1.
General characteristics of the patients.
| Variables | Value |
|---|---|
| Age (years) | 62.5 ± 9.5 |
| Sex | |
| Female | 113 (39.4) |
| Male | 174 (60.6) |
| Past history | |
| No | 75 (26.1) |
| Yes | 212 (73.9) |
| Symptoms | |
| No | 57 (19.9) |
| Yes | 230 (80.1) |
| Complications (Clavien-Dindo Classification) | |
| None | 135 (47.0) |
| Grade 1 | 98 (34.1) |
| Grade 2 | 17 (5.9) |
| Grade 3 | 24 (8.4) |
| Grade 4 | 10 (3.5) |
| Grade 5 | 3 (1.0) |
| T status | |
| T0, T1, T2 | 262 (91.3) |
| T3, T4 | 25 (8.7) |
| N status | |
| N0 | 137 (47.7) |
| N1, N2 | 150 (52.3) |
| Preoperative CA19_9 | 719.6 ± 202.7 |
| Neo CRT (Neoadjuvant chemoradiation therapy) | |
| No | 206 (71.8) |
| Yes | 81 (28.2) |
| Adj. CTx (Adjuvant chemotherapy) | |
| No | 76 (26.5) |
| Yes | 211 (73.5) |
| Tumor location | |
| Head | 111 (38.7) |
| Uncinate | 66 (23.0) |
| Neck | 6 (2.1) |
| Body | 63 (22.0) |
| Tail | 35 (12.2) |
| Body + tail | 6 (2.1) |
| LVI (Lymphovascular invasion) | |
| No | 198 (69.0) |
| Yes | 89 (31.0) |
| PNI (Perineural invasion) | |
| No | 106 (36.9) |
| Yes | 181 (63.1) |
| Resectability | |
| Resectable | 215 (74.9) |
| Borderline | 72 (25.1) |
| Surgery type | |
| PD | 17 (5.9) |
| PPPD | 162 (56.4) |
| DP | 101 (35.2) |
| TP | 7 (2.4) |
| Operation time (min) | 392.6 ± 148.5 |
| Combined resection | |
| No | 194 (67.6) |
| Yes | 93 (32.4) |
| Curative resection | |
| R0 | 249 (86.8) |
| R1 | 34 (11.8) |
| R2 | 4 (1.4) |
| EBL (mL) | 654.8 ± 215.5 |
| IOT | |
| No | 218 (76.0) |
| Yes | 69 (24.0) |
Notes: All data are expressed as mean ± SD or N (%) Abbreviations: PD, pancreatoduodenectomy; PPPD. Pylorus preserving pancreatoduodenectomy; DP, distal pancreatectomy; TP, Total pancreatectomy; Neo CRT, Neoadjuvant chemoradiation therapy; Adj. CTx, Adjuvant chemotherapy; LVI, Lymphovascular invasion; PNI, Perineural invasion; IOT, intraoperative transfusion; and EBL, Estimated blood loss.