Table 3.
Diagnostic performance of fractional flow reserve derived from coronary-computed tomography angiography based on machine learning algorithm and coronary-computed tomographic plaque characteristic on a per-lesion and per-patient level using RFRTM as the reference standard.
| Per Lesion (n = 44) | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sensitivity (%) (95% CI) | Specificity (%) (95% CI) | PPV (%) (95% CI) | NPV (%) (95% CI) | Accuracy (%) (95% CI) | AUC (95% CI) | |
| Morphological Computed Tomographic Morphological Plaque Characteristics | ||||||
| LL/MLD4 | 71 (42–92) | 77 (58–90) | 59 (33–82) | 85 (66–96) | 75 (60–87) | 0.80 (0.64–0.96) |
| MLD (mm2) | 64 (35–87) | 80 (61–92) | 60 (32–84) | 83 (64–94) | 75 (59–87) | 0.77 (0.62–0.93) |
| Degree of luminal diameter stenosis (%) | 71 (42–92) | 77 (58–90) | 59 (33–82) | 85 (66–96) | 75 (59–87) | 0.75 (0.58–0.94) |
| MLA (mm2) | 71 (42–92) | 80 (61–92) | 62 (35–85) | 86 (67–96) | 77 (62–88) | 0.75 (0.57–0.94) |
| cCTA (<50%) | 86 (57–98) | 53 (34–72) | 46 (27–67) | 89 (65–98) | 63 (48–78) | 0.69 (0.56–0.83) |
| cCTA (<70%) | 57 (29–82) | 80 (61–92) | 57 (29–82) | 80 (61–92) | 73 (57–85) | 0.69 (0.53–0.84) |
| Functional Computed Tomographic Morphological Plaque Characteristics | ||||||
| CT-FFRML | 86 (57–98) | 97 (88–99) | 92 (74–99) | 94 (79–99) | 93 (81–98) | 0.90 (0.75–1.00) |
| RI | 71 (42–92) | 67 (47–83) | 50 (27–73) | 83 (63–95) | 68 (52–81) | 0.76 (0.61–0.91) |
| Per Patient (n = 33) | ||||||
| Morphological Computed Tomographic Morphological Plaque Characteristics | ||||||
| LL/MLD4 | 75 (73–94) | 71 (48–84) | 60 (32–84) | 83 (59–96) | 73 (55–87) | 0.78 (0.57–0.99) |
| MLA (mm2) | 67 (35–90) | 71 (48–89) | 57 (29–82) | 79 (54–94) | 70 (51–84) | 0.70 (0.48–0.93) |
| MLD (mm2) | 58 (28–85) | 71 (48–89) | 54 (25–81) | 75 (51–91) | 67 (48–82) | 0.70 (0.50–0.90) |
| Degree of luminal diameter stenosis (%) | 67 (35–93) | 67 (43–85) | 53 (27–79) | 78 (52–94) | 67 (48–82) | 0.68 (0.46–0.89) |
| cCTA (<50%) | 83 (52–98) | 62 (39–82) | 44 (23–65) | 80 (44–98) | 55 (36–72) | 0.60 (0.45–0.76) |
| cCTA (<70%) | 50 (21–79) | 71 (48–89) | 50 (21–79) | 71 (48–88) | 64 (45–80) | 0.60 (0.42–0.78) |
| Functional Computed Tomographic Morphological Plaque Characteristics | ||||||
| CT-FFRML | 83 (52–98) | 95 (76–99) | 91 (59–99) | 91 (71–99) | 91 (76–98) | 0.87 (0.70–1.00) |
| RI | 67 (35–90) | 52 (30–74) | 44 (21–69) | 73 (45–92) | 58 (39–74) | 0.70 (0.51–0.89) |
AUC = area under the receiver operating characteristic curve; cCTA = coronary computed tomography angiography; CI= confidence interval; CT-FFRML = fractional flow reserve derived from coronary computed tomography angiography based on machine learning algorithm; MLA = minimal luminal area; MLD = minimal luminal diameter; NPV = negative predictive value; PPV = positive predictive value; RFRTM = resting full-cycle ratio; RI = remodeling index.