AD	Alzheimer’s disease;
ALR	AIM2-like receptor;
ALS	amyotrophic lateral sclerosis;
ANT	adenine nucleotide translocase;
ATP	adenosine triphosphate;
Ca2+	calcium ion;
CARDs	caspase recruitment domains;
CASR	Ca2+ sensing receptor;
CLRs	C-type lectin receptors;
COX	cyclooxygenase;
CMV	cytomegalovirus;
DAMPs	damage-associated molecular patterns;
DENV	dengue virus;
ETC	electron transport chain;
ER	endoplasmic reticulum;
FADH2	flavin adenine dinucleotide;
HIF	hypoxia-inducible factors;
HK	hexokinase;
IFN	type I interferon
IL-1β	interleukin-1beta;
IRF-3	interferon regulatory factor 3;
JNK	c-Jun amino-terminal kinase;
KGDH	alpha-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase;
MAMs	mitochondria associated ER membranes;
MAVS	mitochondrial antiviral signaling;
MCU	mitochondrial calcium uniporter;
MDA-5	melanoma differentiation-associated gene 5;
MDVs	mitochondrial-derived vesicles;
MFN1	mitofusin-1;
MFN2	mitofusin-2;
MMP	mitochondrial membrane potential;
mROS	mitochondrial reactive oxygen species;
mtDNA	mitochondrial DNA;
MRC	mitochondrial respiration complex;
MS	multiple sclerosis;
NADH	nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide;
NDDs	neurodegenerative disorders;
NF-kB	nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells
NSAID	nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs;
NO	nitric oxide;
NLRs	nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-like receptors;
NLRP3	NOD-, LRR- and pyrin domain containing 3;
OMM	outer mitochondrial membrane;
OPA1	optic atrophy 1;
OXPHOS	mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation;
PAMPs	pathogen-associated molecular patterns;
PD	Parkinson’s disease;
PDH	pyruvate dehydrogenase;
PKM2	pyruvate kinase M2;
PRRs	pattern recognition receptor;
RIG-1	retinoic acid-inducible gene I;
RIPK1	receptor-interacting kinases 1;
RLR	RIG-I-like receptor;
ROS	reactive oxygen species;
SOSS	silencing of survival signals;
STING	stimulator of interferon genes;
TAMs	tumor-associated macrophages;
TCA	tricarboxylic acid cycle;
TLRs	Toll-like receptors;
TRAF6	tumor necrosis factor receptor associated factor 6;
VDAC	voltage-dependent anionic channel;
VopE	Type 3 secretion system effector.